CBPC
- Principal Investigator: Ana Allen Gomes
- Period: 2012 - 2015
- Funding: FCT/COMPETE (PTDC/PSI-EDD/120003/2010)
Summary of the main aims and conclusions
Central aims:
- To study the Portuguese version of the Children Chronotype Questionnaire for Children (CCTQ) of Werner, LeBourgeois, Geiger and Jenni (2009) in a national sample of preschool and primary school children, aged 4 to 11 years-old, in order to obtain a reliable and valid instrument to measure diurnal type/chronotype (morningness-eveningness);
- To study the influence of chronotype (morningness-eveningness), and time of the day, on primary school children’s performance in standardized psychoeducational measures used for assessing reading and writing skills and to inform diagnostic decisions regarding impairment of these skills. That is, we sought to determine whether the congruence versus incongruence between children chronotype and time-of-the-day has an effect on the performance scores of the children tested.
Main general conclusions:
- I part/aim of the project: the Portuguese version of the CCTQ is a reliable and valid questionnaire to estimate chronotypes and in particular morningnesss-eveningness (diurnal type) in children. Besides, this Portuguese study contribute to the knowledge about children morningness-eveningness, given the large sample size collected and the available data to characterize 9-11 years old pubertal children too (in addition to non-pubertal ones).
- II part/aim of the project: children performance in standardized measures used in psychoeducational assessments of reading/writing competencies/difficulties, and school learning skills, might be affected by time of day depending on their diurnal type. However, our results show that the relationships between diurnal type and time of day are far more complex than the initial simplistic supposition that better performance would be achieved in the optimal time. Therefore, for the moment, no specific recommendation seems to be possible regarding our initial concern on whether test norms should take into account children diurnal type. In reality, non-optimal times might eventually favour performances in specific tasks.
Our results suggest that studies concerned with synchrony effects should anticipate asynchrony findings, and should consider also the nature of the tasks, as the combined effects of diurnal type and time of day seem to be highly variable depending on specific cognitive processes and demands involved. In conclusion, our results in school children raised new research questions and hypothesis that deserve further investigation.
- Principal Investigator: Ana Laura Mendes
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/119286/2016)
The competitive context that characterizes modern Western societies and the requirement for performance / goals of excellence are considered crucial factors in the explanation of psychopathology in adolescence, particularly eating psychopathology among young women.
This project’s main goal is to develop, apply and test an innovative intervention program for female adolescents that integrates components of different 3rd generation psychotherapeutic approaches based on acceptance and compassion, which have shown promising results. The intervention aims to reduce maladaptive processes / patterns (social comparison, self-criticism, competition and / or avoidance) and to promote the development of adaptive processes (self-compassion and self-acceptance). Additionally, a longitudinal study will clarify the impact of the modification of these mechanisms on different psychopathological indicators, especially regarding body image and eating-related behaviours.
This work constitutes a new approach to adolescence, as a phase of particular opportunities for the development of a compassionate mentality and of affiliative skills, known as promotors of psychosocial well-being.
- Principal Investigator: Ana Luísa Carvalho
- Period: 2013 - 2018
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/NEU-NMC/0750/2012)
- Principal Investigator: Ana Paula Matos
- Period: 2013 - 2015
- Funding: FCT/COMPETE (PTDC/MHC-PCL/4824/2012)
The main aims of this project were to identify a risk profile for the development of depression in adolescence, comprising genetic factors, and to study the efficacy of an intervention that included a program for adolescents (adapted from the Mind and Health program by Arnarson & Craighead, 2009, 2011) and an innovative parenting program with components of 3rd wave cognitive-behavioral intervention, developed by Pinheiro & Matos, 2013). Intervention manuals for adolescents and parents and assessment tools (e.g., diagnostic interviews – Kiddie-Sads, ALife and CDRS-R, and self-report questionnaires) were translated, adapted and constructed. A follow-up of 2 years was carried out on samples of at-risk and community-based youth. Results of several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of moderation and mediation, including efficacy results, have been published. Outputs of this project continue to be disseminated.
- Principal Investigator: Ana Paula Matos
- Period: 2015 - 2016
- Funding: Realan Foundation (UC - II0152)
The main aims of this project were to complete follow ups of the program study and to continue analysis and dissemination of data, initiated in the research project PTDC/MHC-PCL/4824/2012.
- Principal Investigator: Ana Telma Pereira
- Period: 2015 - 2016
- Funding: EEA Grant – Public Health Initiatives (161SM03)
Perinatal depression screening: Diagnosis, prevention and early intervention in primary healthcare (Open)
- Principal Investigator: Ana Xavier
- Period: 2012 - 2016
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/77375/2011)
- Principal Investigator: Andreia Azevedo
- Period: 2013 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/84252/2012)
The main aim of this investigation is to study depression in adolescence in the Portuguese population, identifying context variables and psychological processes that characterize it. Following this preliminary study, a new group intervention protocol is developed and applied to depressed adolescents, randomly placed in the experimental condition and in the control condition (treatment as usual condition). The results of this intervention are further evaluated and monitored every six months, in a two-year follow-up period. This investigation will be an important step in the understanding of Depression, by focusing on an early stage of its development and extending the follow-up for more than a year. It will also have the added value of the construction of a manualized intervention protocol, which will be available to the therapeutic community.
- Principal Investigator: António Ferreira de Macedo
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: Janssen, Cilag Pharmaceutic (Investigator initiative project; PEP:IN0851)
The Department of Psychological Medicine (University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine) and the Cognitive and Behavioral Center for Research and Intervention (University of Coimbra, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences) developed a new semi-structured clinical interview for the assessment of the psychotic-spectrum. The “Clinical Interview for Psychotic Disorders” (CIPD is used thereafter), based on DSM5 (2013) criteria, is divided in four main sections: 1) Psychosis-spectrum disorders; 2) Mood-related disorders; 3) Substance-related disorders; 4) Co-morbidity and Associated Symptoms. The sections are independent, and individual sections can be used independently (e.g. psychosis-spectrum) to assess change (e.g. after psychopharmacological intervention). The CIPD has two types of scores: a) diagnosis scores (absence/presence of symptoms; total score for symptom severity and frequency – positive and negative symptoms); and extra-diagnosis scores (total score of conviction regarding delusions; total score for empowerment with psychotic symptoms; total score of interference caused by symptoms of all sections; total score for suicide risk – considering psychotic and humor-related symptoms, past and present). The CIPD also have a total score for severity of psychotic illness (considering the different contributions of different symptoms to the diagnosis and a score for treatment adherence. This score can be useful in assessing overall change due to treatment. The CIPD has two types of raters – there are clinician-rated questions and patient-rated questions. The CIPD has already been submitted to an expert panel evaluation in order to assess: the relevance of the items and the clarity of language (for the specific population. Results from the panel highlight the adequacy and clinical pertinence of the CIPD. This Project aims at studying the psychometric properties of the CIPD in a sample of patients with a diagnosis of a psychotic disorder.
Objectives and Hypothesis:
1. Primary
- Specific objective: Validating the CIPD in a clinical Portuguese population with a diagnosis of a psychotic-spectrum disorder (DSM-5).
- Hypothesis:
1.1. The CIPD will have high inter-rater agreement;
1.2. The CIPD will have sensitivity and specificity – the ability to detect differences in different psychotic diagnostic categories and ability to correctly identify the diagnosis.
2. Secondary
- Hypothesis:
2.1. Specific sections of the CIPD (e.g. psychotic symptoms) will have good convergent and divergent validity;
2.2. Quantitative ratings will fit acceptably to factorial models.
3. Other
- Hypothesis:
3.1. The CIPD will have predictive validity as evaluated by measuring change after a clinical (e.g. psychotherapeutic) intervention (1 week after the intervention).
3.2. The CIPD will be well accepted by the patients and the interview will not be an aversive moment.
- Principal Investigator: Bárbara Lopes
- Period: 2015 - 2017
- Funding: Psychology Research Funding, De Montfort University, UK (small grant)
Project that is part of the Psychology of terrorism stream that examined the relationships between national identity, discrimination, paranoia and Islamic Terrorism.
- Principal Investigator: Bárbara Lopes
- Period: 2015 - 2016
- Funding: Psychology Research Funding, De Montfort University, UK (small grant)
Preliminary study on the feasibility of an online compassionate focused intervention for patients suffering from cancer in the UK.
- Principal Investigator: Berit Heitmann
- Period: 2015 - 2020
- Funding: European Commission (H2020-PHC-2014-single-stage/Topic PHC-26-2014)
- Principal Investigator: Carolina Dall’Antonia da Motta
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/110308/2015)
Schizophrenia is a complex heritable brain disorder, entailing significant costs to healthcare that, by its nature and phenomenology, presents severe social (e.g. family) and psychological consequences(decreased wellbeing, autonomy and life expectancy). The progress in understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia points to the integration of genetic and neurobiological methods as an important venue of research. Recent research trends have shifted the focus from ‘fuzzy’ phenotypic descriptions of this heterogeneous disease to the endophenotypic aspects, as a way to empirically study and systematize the underpinnings of schizophrenia. The application of neurobehavioral measures as endophenotypes in studies in schizophrenia is in vogue, particularly the inquiry on the relationship of those variables amongst themselves and their impact on functional outcome. This investigation aims to provide an empirical contribute to the understanding of the endophenotypic aspects involved in schizophrenia in the PIC (Portuguese Island Cohort), proposing new intervention targets and psychosocial approaches for families and patients.
- Principal Investigator: Célia Barreto Carvalho
- Period: 2013 - 2014
- Funding: National Institute of Mental Health (3R01MH085548-05S1)
In this project Celia Barreto Carvalho, PhD, is proposing to extend the Portuguese Island Cohort (PIC) study through recontact of families ascertained over the last 20 years. To do this, she is proposing funding from the University of Southern California, through the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort study. In designing the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort study, Michele and Carlos Pato balanced the desirability of careful characterization of phenotype and careful selection of controls, with the major focus on the rapid collection of the subjects for this study and the financial resources available for this project. Further, greater phenotypic characterization will be possible because an inherent element in our design, is that we will clinically follow-up the majority of the subjects and have the ability through consent, to re-contact patients as we define new genomic, environmental, and phenotypic characteristics for future study.
- Principal Investigator: Célia Barreto Carvalho
- Period: 2014 - 2016
- Funding: National Institute of Mental Health (5R01MH085548-05)
This study propose to extend the Portuguese Island Cohort (PIC) study through the identification and study of new individuals with schizophrenia and parents and siblings of this patients from Azores Islands. To do this, she is proposing funding from the University of Southern California, through the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort study. The budget for this study is tied to productivity. In designing the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort study, Michele and Carlos Pato balanced the desirability of careful characterization of phenotype and careful selection of controls, with the major focus on the rapid collection of the subjects for this study and the financial resources available for this project. Further, greater phenotypic characterization will be possible because an inherent element in our design, is that we will clinically follow-up the majority of the subjects and have the ability, through consent, to re-contact patients as we define new genomic, environmental, and phenotypic characteristics for future study.
- Principal Investigator: Célia Barreto Carvalho
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: Governo Regional dos Açores
- Principal Investigator: Cristiana Carvalho
- Period: 2011 - 2018
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/75130/2010)
Relations between sociocognitive, affective, relational, and situational factors have challenged sex education to increase protective sexual behaviours and to decrease risky sexual behaviours. In this line, the main aim of the present work was to explore relations between personal (knowledge, views and attitudes regarding sexuality and sex education), educational (sex education practices by parents and teachers) and relational (communication and relationship quality with educators and romantic partners) variables, and to integrate these relations in a comprehensive model of youngsters’ protective sexual experiences. The operationalization of the variables under study required the adaptation, development, and validation of several instruments.
This research project includes thirteen empirical studies conducted with three different samples, namely, adolescents (N=1586), parents (N=367) and teachers (N=144). In these studies, a quantitative analysis using descriptive, differential, and correlational approaches prevailed, which allowed the development of a comprehensive path analysis model of adolescents’ protective sexual behaviours.
The studies conducted with the three samples showed that knowledge, attitudes and opinions, although diverse, are generally favourable to sex education in school and in the family. Regarding adolescents, results suggested the importance of communication competencies and strategies with partners, parents, and teachers. Regarding the sex education curriculum, adolescents showed a preference for themes related to sexual pleasure. Additionally, results showed that teachers have more knowledge and less limiting beliefs about sexuality when compared to parents and adolescents. Results also showed divergences between educators and adolescents in the perception of communication strategies about sexuality and sex education: adolescents would like to talk more with their parents and only seldom talk to their teachers, as well as they attribute to both educators higher levels of communication strategies based on manipulation than educators’ self-ratings. In line with these divergences, path analysis showed that the use of communication strategies based on manipulation by teachers has a negative impact on favourable attitudes about the negotiation of the use of condoms with the sexual partner. In the same line, communication competencies with the romantic partner based on controlling the other and on ambience management, emotional negligence and inattentiveness in the romantic relationship, were also predictors of condom use negotiation. This model also showed that positive attitudes about negotiation of the use of condoms mediated the relation between communication with the romantic partner and with teachers, besides mediating the motivational intention to use a condom in the next sexual encounter. Taken together, communication variables explain 40% of the variance of the negotiation attitude. Motivational intention, in turn, had a positive direct effect on the protective sexual behaviour index, as did the number of years of sex education in school and positive attitudes regarding sexual pleasure related to condom use. Hence, in addition to the indirect effect mediated by the motivational intention to use a condom in the next sexual encounter, positive attitudes regarding sexual pleasure related to condom use have a direct effect on protective sexual behaviour.
In general, results from the empirical studies offer new perspectives regarding the nature of protective sexual behaviours. Favourable attitudes towards sexual pleasure associated with condom use, communication with the sexual partner, negotiation of the use of condom, quality of the interpersonal relationship with the romantic partner, and communication with teachers and years of sex education in school are variables that directly or indirectly interfere with the motivational intention to use condom in the next sexual encounter, as well as with one’s protective sexual behaviour (consistent condom use). This work presents new challenges and provides new support for research and intervention. Implications for the promotion of youngsters’ sexual and reproductive health are presented, as well as recommendations for parents, health technicians and education professionals. Lastly, this work provides guidelines for the development of sex education programs and for the update of health policies and practices directed to the promotion of sexual and reproductive health in adolescents.
- Principal Investigator: Cristiana Duarte
- Period: 2012 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/76858/2011)
This project investigated the role of contextual variables (e.g., early negative experiences, stigmatizing context) and negative emotions and self-evaluations (shame, body image shame, social comparison) on disordered eating symptoms, eating disinhibition and binge eating, and in difficulties in regulating weight, in different populations (adolescents, adult populations, nonclinical and clinical populations, with different weight ranges). This project led to the development of an integrative conceptualization model of the continuum of binge eating symptomatology, and to the development of a pilot ICT-based low intensity intervention for binge eating problems.
- Principal Investigator: Cristiana Marques
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/129749/2017)
This project aims to assess brain circuitry of ED patients using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), with a focus on functional and effective connectivity, and to develop and test the efficacy of a mindfulness, acceptance, and self-compassion based intervention program for ED patients. The integrative approach intervention allows to intervene in reducing important maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, such as shame, self-criticism, and rumination. The results of this study could significantly contribute to our understanding of brain processes and psychological mechanisms in the development and maintenance of ED.
- Principal Investigator: Cristina Padez
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/DTP-SAP/1520/2014)
The project ObesInCrisis aim to develop prospective and comparative studies about changes in families’ behaviour and in environmental infrastructures from 2009 to 2015-16 and to assess their impact in childhood obesity. The outcome of this project will provide clues for the policymakers and authorities of different arenas – health care, social security, education, transportation – and at different levels – local, regional and national – to overcome health risks and help the most vulnerable people.
- Principal Investigator: Daniel Rijo
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: FCT/COMPETE 2020 (PTDC/MHC-PCL/2189/2014)
This research project aims to investigate the changeability of psychopathic traits in young offenders placed in juvenile detention facilities.
First studies include research on a new evolutionary based model, explaining psychopathic traits as an adaptive strategy to cope with harsh rearing life-scenarios. Early toxic experiences (including shame experiences and the lack of warmth and safeness experiences), through the promotion of intense shame feelings later in live and preferred maladaptive shame coping strategies are proposed as the pathways for the development of psychopathic traits. This model will be tested both in community and forensic samples.
A 20-session compassion based therapeutic intervention will be developed to fit these offenders intervention needs. Finally, a randomized control trial will be implemented in order to test for treatment effects across time on psychopathic traits, shame related variables and the development of compassion towards the self and others.
This project will have implications both at a theoretical level (testing for a new model explaining psychopathy in youths; establishing compassion focused therapy as an appropriate treatment within juvenile justice settings), and at a clinical level, offering a new structured psychotherapeutic intervention to be delivered to youths with severe behavioral problems.
- Principal Investigator: Daniel Rijo
- Period: 2011 - 2013
- Funding: European Commission (JLS /2010/JPEN/AG/EJ)
Assessment and therapeutic intervention program for the Portuguese Juvenile Justice system (PAIPA) was a partnership between the General Directorship for Rehabilitation and Prison Services of the Portuguese Ministry of Justice, the CINEICC at the University of Coimbra and other governmental agencies (e.g., National Health Services). The main goal was to investigate young offenders mental health intervention needs in youth placed in juvenile detention facilities but also in youth receiving juvenile justice interventions within community based settings. More than 200 randomly selected participants were assessed via a structured clinical interview for children and adolescents (MINI-KID) and brief psychotherapeutic intervention was offered to 20 youth in an exploratory study. This project offered training to psychologists working within the juvenile justice system in innovative psychological interventions to be delivered to those youths. This research project contributed to a greater attention to young offenders’ mental health treatment needs.
- Principal Investigator: Daniel Rijo
- Period: 2011 - 2013
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/PSI-PCL/102165/2008)
The GPS – Growing Pro-Social, is a group based prevention and rehabilitation program for individuals with anti-social behavior. The main goal of the GPS is to reduce the prominence of dysfunctional information processing structures, promoting a more functional processing of social information, with the consequent adjustment of emotional, motivational and behavioural patterns. To achieve this effect, the program is made of 40 sessions, organized into five modules: Communication Process, Interpersonal Behaviour, Thinking Errors (cognitive distortions), Emotions Meaning and Function, and Life Traps (Early Maladaptive Schemas).The main goal of this research project was to study the efficacy of the GPS in the reduction of anti-social behaviour and cognitive and emotional correlates, in two different samples: adolescents under a corrective educational measure and adult prison inmates. In both samples, the experimental group was compared with a control group (TAU, Treatment As Usual in forensic settings). Finally, it was expected that desired changes after program completion should be maintained over time (6 months follow up measurement). Outcome research has been published in recent years and findings are still being disseminated. This Project offered support for the use of GPS as a cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation program in the Portuguese Justice System.
- Principal Investigator: Daniel Ruivo Marques
- Period: 2012 - 2015
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/77557/2011)
Primary Insomnia is the more prevalent sleep disorder both in clinical and community samples. One of the most frequent subtypes is psychophysiological insomnia (PI). The hyperarousal at different levels – biological, affective, cognitive, and behavioral – and the maladaptive conditioning between sleep related stimuli and arousal are two major features of PI. Since this is a disorder which assumes an important role in public health, we performed 4 empirical studies recurring to fMRI: In the first study, we compared neurobiological activation between a group of PI patients (n=5) and a sex- and age-matched control group (n=5) when they were exposed to words concerning to past/present worries, future worries and neutral words; in the second study, we explored the activity of default-mode network (DMN) and other brain resting states in the same groups as study 1; in the third and fourth studies, we repeated both experiments in a clinical group of patients with PI (N=2) after they underwent cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). In general, it was observed that PI patients exhibited a generalized pattern of hyperarousal in several brain areas associated with DMN when they were confronted with affective stimuli and when they were resting in the fMRI scanner. In terms of activation of brain resting networks, we observed that the clinical group presented significant dysfunctions. After CBT-I, it was detected that the dysfunctional indicators observed in previous studies normalize, approaching the activation patterns typical of healthy individuals. The obtained results enhance the idea that the hyperarousal in PI is present during the 24-hours of the day; besides, the key role that cognitive arousal may be in the etiology and therapy of insomnia is also highlighted. In conclusion, this work contributes to a better understanding of neurobiology of insomnia and suggests that it might be possible to identify neural mechanisms underlying modifications accounted by CBT-I.
- Principal Investigator: Diana Ribeiro da Silva
- Period: 2015 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/99795/2014)
Psychopathy (i.e. the combination of grandiose-manipulative, callous-unemotional, and impulsive-irresponsible traits) is a condition highly associated with antisocial behavior and considered difficult to treat. However, few studies tested the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions specifically designed to treat young offenders with psychopathic traits. This research aims to: study psychopathic traits within an evolutionary framework; develop and test the efficacy of an individualized psychotherapeutic program based on Compassion Focused Therapy (20 sessions).
- Principal Investigator: Diogo Carreiras
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/129985/2017)
Literature indicates borderline personality disturbance (ppb) as a very severe disturbance and with serious characteristics like impulsivity, instability, emotional damage and self-damage. These characteristics have developed through time and can be identified soon in adolescence. The early signing of these difficulties is the first step in the prevention of development and / or escalation of these features for a personality disorder. In this sense, this study proposes to evaluate and adolescents between the ages of 14 and 17 years, for two years, contributing to the understanding of patoplasty and maintenance of the pbp, allowing to find guidelines for the design of psychotherapeutic interventions in the prevention and future empirical studies.
- Principal Investigator: Hugo Miguel Cruz
- Period: 2013 - 2018
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/86577/2012)
This dissertation describes three studies that were conducted in order to analyze the relationship between morning-evening types in interaction with the time-of-day performance in school-age children. Using a double-blind experimental design Morning [MT] and Evening [ET] Types children classified according to the Children Chronotype Questionnaire (CCQT) were tested in randomly assigned at different times-of-day, and completed a battery of tests related to basic learning skills (BPE, BAPAE, ALEPE). Significant results (p<.05) show that: (i) the “synchrony effect” may be a simplistic hypothesis, i.e., depending on the type of cognitive task involved, MT and ET performance may benefit not only from optimal – synchrony effect, but also from its non-optimal moments – asynchrony effect; (ii) M-E Types performance not only varies throughout the time-of-day, but also, it seems to vary throughout the day-of-week; (iii) in young children Eveningness seems to be associated with better cognitive abilities performed, and Morningness seems to be associated with better academic achievement; (iv) better performances are not necessarily associated to early hours of the school day; (v) Tuesday and Thursday may be an optimal day and Friday a non-optimal day for the school performance. Replication studies are now needed.
- Principal Investigator: Inês Trindade
- Period: 2015 - 2018
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/101906/2014)
This PhD project had two main aims: a) to prospectively analyse the impact of emotion regulation processes (e.g., experiential avoidance/acceptance, cognitive fusion) on physical and mental health outcomes in patients with chronic health conditions (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease; cancer); b) and to develop, apply, and assess the efficacy of an acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion-based psychotherapeutic intervention for cancer patients – the MIND programme.
- Principal Investigator: Isabel Basto
- Period: 2012 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/77180/2011)
Throughout the years, psychotherapy research has tried to understand how psychological change occurs and which mechanisms are involved in this process, but there are still many questions with no answer about how psychotherapy works. The assimilation model proposes that therapeutic change occurs trough the gradual assimilation of problematic experiences/voices in the self. Several empirical studies have found an association between assimilation and good outcome. However, more empirical evidence is needed to validate this assumption. This project aims to respond to this need by analyzing 1) whether there is a predictive relationship between assimilation and clinical symptomatology and the direction of this prediction. 2) What is the relationship between assimilation and emotional valence 3) What is the role of instability in assimilation in the decrease of clinical symptoms and in the assimilation progression throughout therapy.
- Principal Investigator: James Stubbs
- Period: 2014 - ...
- Funding: Slimming World (ISRCTN registration no. ISRCTN16873876)
This project examined whether adding compassionate mind training-based online video exercises in a commercial weight-management programme improved psychological and behavioural outcomes, compared to the regular programme, in a large sample of overweight and obese women.
- Principal Investigator: Joana Costa
- Period: 2012 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/78227/2011)
The main research interest focus on the analysis of mediational effects of emotional regulation processes, specifically cognitive fusion, rumination, acceptance, self-compassion and mindfulness, using advanced statistical methods to data analysis. Indeed, the research aim to identify and, to deep understand, trans-diagnostic relationship processes that may enhance psychological adjustment and psychopathology (e.g., anxiety, depression, stress) taking into account temperamental traits and adverse family environments. This research is based in several clinical conditions both mental and physical health groups, such as chronic pain, diabetes, hypertension, oncologic disease, obesity, depression, anxiety, gastrointestinal disease, involving more than 1200 individuals.
- Principal Investigator: Joana Moura Cabral
- Period: 2015 - ...
- Funding: Governo Regional dos Açores (PhD Individual Grant RTF / M3.1.a / F / 021/2015/017)
The research intends to develop a structured group intervention program for caregivers of patients with mood disorders, based on mindfulness and compassion. The key objective is the development of adaptive emotional regulation skills, which can be alternatives to maladjusted processes that generate suffering to the caregiver and are reflected in the health status of the patient with mood pathology. At this moment the program is under construction and development.
- Principal Investigator: José Pinto-Gouveia
- Period: 2013 - 2015
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/MHC-PCL/4923/2012)
BEfree is the first program integrating psychoeducation, mindfulness, and compassion-based components for treating women with binge eating and obesity. Research has provided evidence of the acceptability and effectiveness of BEfree program to diminishing binge eating, eating psychopathology and depression, and increasing quality of life in women with Obesity, with results maintained up to 6-month post-intervention.
- Principal Investigator: Julieta Azevedo
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/130116/2017)
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental disorder characterized by episodes of mania/hypomania and depression. Compared to the general population, these individuals present functional impairment, higher mood instability and suicide rates and lower quality of life. This study aims to explore evolutionary variables and their contribution to reframe conceptualization and treatment of BD; explore emotional memories and coping mechanisms and their influence in bipolar symptoms; and assess contextual behavioral therapies (DBT skills training, MBCT) efficiency in BD.
- Principal Investigator: Lara Palmeira
- Period: 2013 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/84452/2012)
- Principal Investigator: Laura Santos
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/132327/2017)
Given the absence of evidence-based programs of competences promotion for caregivers of young people in residential care, this research aims to improve the quality of care, through a Compassionate Mind Training (CMT) intervention aimed at caregivers. The promotion of an affiliative mentality of caring, warmth and affection in the residential care setting is operationalized in the development of compassionate caring skills, being this project an innovative approach for the creation of therapeutic environments, as recommended by the Portuguese law and international guidelines. The presented clinical trial aim to evaluate the results and impact of the CMT program on the quality of caregivers’ care processes and practices, helping to broaden the scientific knowledge of the compassionate approach to the Residential Care setting and to provide a new model and intervention tool for the Residential Care.
- Principal Investigator: Marcela Matos
- Period: 2013 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/84185/2012)
This research project aims to develop, implement and assess the efficacy of a compassion and mindfulness based intervention program: the Be Compassionately Aware (BeCA), in promoting mental and physical well-being in individuals from the general population, pregnant women and corporative staff; investigate the genetic sensitivity to and physiological correlates of shame and shame experiences; test the impact of the BeCA on epigenetic mechanisms and physiological stress responses to psychosocial stress; and examine mediator and moderator processes of change associated with the effectiveness of the BeCA.
- Principal Investigator: Marcela Matos
- Period: 2014 - ...
- Funding: Compassionate Mind Foundation Research Funding
This research project aimed at developing a protocol for a relatively brief (two weeks) Compassion Mind Training (CMT) intervention that provided psycho-educational materials and audio CMT exercises. This study aimed to test this CMT intervention in a randomized controlled trial exploring its impact on self-report variables including compassion, fears of compassion, shame, self-criticism, self-reassurance, types of positive affect, and depression, anxiety and stress. In addition, the current study aimed to investigate the impact of this CMT intervention on Heart Rate Variability. This study also explored indicators of practice quality of the brief CMT intervention and their impact on the development of an inner sense of one’s compassionate self and a range of self-report measures. Finally, this study examined the processes of change that mediate the impact of the CMT intervention on self-evaluative processes, and negative and positive affect.
- Principal Investigator: Maria do Rosário Pinheiro
- Funding: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation
Projet’Ar-te is a structured psychosocial and socioeducational intervention, aimed at young people in residential care. It aims to promote the autonomy of young people, during and after the residential care. Organized on a multilevel model, it articulates a program for the promotion of emotional regulation (Level I), a personal and social skills program (Level II) and an innovative support and accompaniment follow-up structure (Level III).
- Principal Investigator: Maria Joana Simões
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/120095/2016)
Disordered body and eating attitudes and behaviours, widespread among Western societies’ females, are known to entail severe consequences on well-being and health. These attitudes and behaviours are highly prevalent in female adolescents, and seem to emerge from a critical relationship with one’s own appearance and as a body-concealing behaviour, which may induce the onset of clinically significant eating disorders.
A balanced, caring and protective relationship with body image may be understood as emerging from a self-accepting and compassionate attitude. The main aim of this study is to develop and test the effectiveness of a programme for the promotion of psychological flexibility and compassion (“#KindGirlsInACTion”), in the adoption of protective attitudes towards the body and in well-being levels, in teenage girls. This innovative integration of third generation models (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Compassion Focused Therapy) may constitute an important contribution for the comprehension and prevention of eating psychopathology in adolescent girls.
- Principal Investigator: Maria João Ruivo Martins
- Period: 2013 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/96092/2013)
The present project aims:
- To contribute to the development and validation of adequate assessment tools through the development and validation of a clinical interview for psychotic disorders based on the recovery model (Clinical Interview for Psychotic Disorders – CIPD); and the development and/or validation of self-report measures (Voices Acceptance and Action Scale; Delusions Scale and the Anti-Psychotic Medication Adherence Scale);
- To extend the understanding on processes underlying the development and maintenance of psychotic symptoms and their impact (e.g. fears of compassion, mindfulness, positive affect);
- To develop, implement and evaluate a new compassion-based group intervention for people with early psychosis – the Compassionate Approach to Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder (COMPASS).
- Principal Investigator: Marina Carreiro de Sousa
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: Fundo Regional da Ciência e Tecnologia do Governo Regional dos Açores (FRCT Individual Grant M3.1.a/F/031/2015)
The number of new cases of cancer in Azores and the transfer of oncological patients to mainland Portugal for specialized treatment raise concerns about psychological adaptation and suitable support care. Further studies regarding the lack of support interventions available to meet the needs of azorean oncological patients and survivors are required. The main objectives of this study are: 1) to evaluate psychosocial needs and other psychological adaptation variables among adult oncological survivors from the Azores; and 2), ensuing from objective 1), to develop a pilot study to test a model of support with a group of oncological patients from the Azores. Two studies will be performed. The first deals with objective 1) as described. Based on results obtained, a randomized control trial assessment, will be run to test a support model based on the Patient Advocacy Movement with oncological patients. The assessment protocol will be administrated three times: before and after the model´s implementation and, again, as a follow-up. Results should enhance knowlegde of assessing psychological adaptation variables involved in disease trajectory while testing a support model addressing this study major concerns. These, as suggested, relate to lack of support interventions to meet the psychosocial needs of oncological patients and survivors from the Azores. Given the peculiar experience of azorean oncological patients’, while away from their homes, there is a need to ensure adequate health care services on their behalf. Hence, the importance of devising ways to monitor their psychosocial needs in order to overcome some of these constraints.
- Principal Investigator: Mário Zenha-Rela
- Period: 2013 - 2015
- Funding: QREN/PO Centro (34006/2013)
The DIYbetes project developed a mobile application to be used by patients with type 2 diabetes for personal and personalized management of the disease. The goal of this solution was to serve as a ‘personal digital mentor’ in disease management by providing personalized and on-demand information, advice and recommendations using biometric information (activity, eating, mood, etc.) to adjust the feedback provided to the patient.
- Principal Investigator: Nélio Brazão
- Period: 2013 - 2018
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/89283/2012)
- Principal Investigator: Paola Lucena dos Santos
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/130677/2017)
This study aims to develop and test the efficacy of a brief lifestyle modification program (i.e., 6 sessions) for the modification of cardiovascular risk factors and the maintenance of therapeutic improvements over time (i.e., 24 months follow-up), through the promotion of psychological flexibility and self-compassion skills.
- Principal Investigator: Paula Vagos
- Period: 2011 - 2016
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/72299/2010)
The behavioral expression of relational aggression has been associated to the fear of negative evaluation, bringing out severe consequences to the intra and interpersonal functioning. However, the distinction between this scenario in relation to typical social anxiety, proactive aggressive behavior, and normal population, is still unclear. Likewise, the intervention programs for fear of negative evaluation may not be prepared to adequately responding to the needs of this specific group. The current research intends to fulfill this theoretical and practical gap. Firstly, by an inter-group design, adolescents will be differentiated based on reactive relational aggression and fear of negative evaluation, in relation to their cognition, emotion, behavior, socialization, and mental health. Secondly, an intervention protocol will be developed and then implemented, as well as its efficacy investigated towards this relationally aggressive and fearful adolescents. We hope to contribute to the understanding and therapeutic support provided to this uncharacteristic group, which is, because of that, neglected.
- Principal Investigator: Paula Vagos
- Period: 2016 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/112383/2015)
We propose to compare the therapeutic efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy with acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion focused therapy, and of single behavior and cognitive therapy. Individual change in diagnostic criteria and self-report scores, along with mean group level change in self and other-reported symptomatology will be considered for each intervention in comparison with a control group, between multi-component interventions and between single-component interventions. All interventions are expected to decrease social fears and other associated variables, at post intervention and up to six months. Mediators of change (i.e., which variables mediate change in each specific intervention, and across time) will also be explored, as well as moderators of change (i.e., participants’ markers that may be relevant to the outcomes). Results will provide evidence on which form of intervention may be the optimal choice in general, leading to particular change processes which in turn target specific vulnerabilities associated to social fears.
- Principal Investigator: Paulo Renato de Jesus
- Period: 2013 - 2015
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/MHC-FIL/4203/2012)
The main goal of this Project consists in investigating how the narration imposes, by its rhetoric morphogenesis of self-coherence, both order and loss on lived experience. Thus, we propose a return of the hermeneutics of the self to the phenomenology of sensation, memory, imagination and symbolic experience, asking:
- What is the temporal geometry of events and feelings? How do random, discontinuous, multilinear and multidirectional events become the matter of biographical experience and expression? How do pathos and trauma, be it psychological or historical, (un)form time, consciousness, and narrative?
- What is the relationship between the sensorial layer of life, the autobiographical memory system and the narrative constructions? What is the degree of poiesis and mimesis in biographical writing? How does the Diltheyean triad Life-Expression-Understanding function?
- What is the relationship between memory, imagination and language in biography? Is memory essentially a subsystem of one’s imagination and will to meaning? And is imagination the subjective appropriation of the imaginary metanarratives of a semiotic community (codified e.g. in mythic-theological discourse)?
- What is the intentionality of a life history/story? Who are its writer, narrator, and actor? What is the relationship between life, art and truth? Is there truth in an ethical and aesthetic Self? What is narrative, historical, hermeneutical and performative truth?
- What is the ethical and political meaning of the Narrative Self? Does moral personality lie in narrative competence? Does responsibility consist in narratability? Does struggle for recognition translate into psychosocial internarrative conflict (being unnarratable experience confined in an apolitical and amoral realm)?
Methodologically, the integrated analysis of Biographical Selfhood should become a crossdisciplinary space shared by an international, interdisciplinary network of approx. 30 scholars from Philosophy, Literary Studies and Social Sciences (besides other collaborators and graduate students). Departing from a common set of issues and sharing the same philosophical references, the researchers—most of them already in collaboration before this project—will explore with multiple perspectives the limits and virtues of the narrative paradigm of subjectivity, promoting research seminars at various institutions in constant exchange (CFUL, EHESS, UFRJ, ULaval, UCLouvain, UParis3, UParis4, USP). The Seminars will be coordinated and integrated to fulfill joint research tasks requiring the implementation of a collective process of co-reading/writing, which leads to joint publications and organization of regular plenary meetings and conferences. Philosophy will offer analytical devices and formulate the theoretical hypotheses to be tested in the empirical laboratories of Literature and Social Sciences.
- Principal Investigator: Pedro Cordeiro
- Period: 2010 - 2016
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/74193/2010)
We carried out a comprehensive study of the way as several contextual, cognitive and motivational variables combine to predict differentiated trajectories of career decision-making and adjustment in adolescents who are making the transition from high school to higher education/job market. With this purpose in mind, we developed and tested an integrative conceptual model, which includes constructs obtained from motivational, social cognitive and clinical models. The study presented has a longitudinal research design with two measurement waves: the first was carried out in the first term of the 2012-2013 school year and a second in the third term of the 2013-2014 school year. In this study participated 12th grade students enrolled in Portuguese secondary schools. Students were assessed in several constructs, including perceived parenting, psychological needs, career self-efficacy beliefs, dysfunctional schematic functioning, career exploration and commitment-making processes, regulation of career commitments and psychological well/ill-being. Findings suggest that experiences of parental need-support seem to associate to the adolescents´ feelings of higher need satisfaction and to an increased self-confidence in career decision-making, what, in turn, leads to the proactive exploration of career options, to more self-determined career choices and to feelings of higher well-being. On the other hand, they suggest that active parental need-thwarting experiences associate to the adolescents´ to an increase in feelings of psychological need frustration, which, in turn, lead to exploration and career choice processes based on dysfunctional schematic functioning, namely to ruminative exploration an exploration of career options, controlled choices and to the experience of higher ill-being. Overall, these associations seem to indicate the existence of substantively distinct pathways of career identity development and adjustment, one essentially self-determined and adaptive, and a second one more controlled and dysfunctional. This argument, despite somehow speculative, extends the SDT-based distinction between bright” and “dark” pathways of development, to the field of career development. It also suggests the need to differentiate career interventions of a promotional and remediate nature, in function of the degree of self-determination that is associated to the processes of exploration and commitment-making. We hope that with this research we have inspired the development of more integrated career interventions focused on building more self-determined psychological processes.
- Principal Investigator: Rúben Abrantes de Sousa
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/131046/2017)
Adolescence has been described as an important developmental stage in the acquisition of adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Evolutionary psychology models propose the threat, drive and soothing systems as the major regulators of emotion, allowing the individual/species to survive. Heart Rate (HR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) have been described as specific and accurate psychophysiological biomarkers of emotion regulation patterns. Moreover, individuals with high HRV show a more adjusted pattern of emotion regulation than individuals with low HRV (young offenders). This project intends to develop and validate audio scenarios, able to activate the three different emotion regulation systems and explore gender differences in HR/HRV patterns between community adolescents, as well as to test differences between male young offenders and community male adolescents. HR/HRV will also be explored as a psychotherapeutic physiological outcome measure of Compassion Focused Therapy for the forensic sample in an RCT.
- Principal Investigator: Rute David
- Period: 2011 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/68364/2010)
Childhood has been acknowledged by specialized literature as central period in vocational development, a process that begins at this stage and goes throughout the entire life of the individual. Several authors argue that in early childhood there are processes that influence the individuals’ perception of vocational aspirations that are more appropriate or desirable, which can lead to early decisions that may affect future educational and occupational choices to be made later. Despite the importance of childhood, acknowledged by many, most of the research in the vocational context still focuses on studies with adolescents and adults, which has led many authors (national and international) to warn about the need to develop studies focusing on this age group, as many statements about it have been mostly inferred rather than studied. With this study we sought to deepen the knowledge regarding vocational aspirations of elementary and middle school children, using a longitudinal methodology, which allows to obtain data resulting from intra-individual differences, thus facilitating the understanding of the importance of aspects such as gender and socioeconomic status in the formation of vocational aspirations and in the early elimination of occupational aims. We also analysed the educational aspirations, as well as the interests and perceived competencies of children, and their perceptions of support from significant figures who have an influence on their vocational development, such as parents and teachers. This study presents data from 498 participants, spread across three cohorts and evaluated over three school years, starting when the children were attending the 2nd, 4th and 6th grades, corresponding the last moment of evaluation to the frequency of 4th, 6th and 8th grades, respectively. Some of the instruments used in this research were translated and adapted to Portuguese language, and data from their validation is presented. The results obtained derive from the application of the Portuguese versions of the Inventory of Children’s Activities- Revised (ICA-R), the Career Choices Questionnaire (CCQ), the Teacher Support Scale (TSS), and the adaptation of the Parental Support Behaviors during Childhood scale. The results obtained from this investigation indicate that the majority of participants state that they have vocational goals, and these aspirations are fairly stable over the duration of this study. There are differences between boys and girls in relation to their vocational aspirations, as well as in relation to but also in their interests and competence perceptions. The socioeconomic status has also generated differences in the results, particularly in the educational aspirations of the participants. Parents and teachers are perceived as facilitators who support the vocational development of children. From the conclusions of this study, we drew implications for the implementation of educational practices and interventions that are able to facilitate healthy educational and occupational trajectories.
- Principal Investigator: Sandra Soares
- Period: 2013 - 2015
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/MHC-PCN/4842/2012)
- Principal Investigator: Sérgio Carvalho
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/112833/2015)
The COMP.ACT project aims at developing and testing the efficacy of an acceptance- and compassion-based group intervention for chronic pain, as well as to track the mechanisms of therapeutic change.
- Principal Investigator: Sónia Gregório
- Period: 2008 - 2013
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/40290/2007)
The thesis main aims were to explore the psychometric properties of two mindfulness measures; explore longitudinally the mediator role of dispositional mindfulness in negative emotional states of undergraduate students; compare the emotional impact of rumination and thought suppression with that of an experimental induction of mindfulness; and, as last, explore a pilot mindfulness-based program adapted for test anxiety in university students.
- Principal Investigator: Victor Ortuño
- Period: 2009 - 2014
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/33648/2009)
The individuals’ subjective notions about time represent a vast and relevant topic with strong implications not only for the understanding of human behaviour, but also because they function as the backbone for critical cognitive processes and permeate the objects’ perceptive process. Among these very unique and individual notions there is one that has gained tremendous prominence in recent decades and it is called Time Perspective. This construct has been considered for many years as a keystone in the motivational domain, more specifically in the school context, mainly through its future frame or Future Time Perspective. Recent theoretical and empirical developments have also demonstrated the importance of Time Perspective in a wide array of behaviours and cognitions. Yet, although empirically validated by several authors, in different countries and with different methodologies, there is still a lack of information about which external influences affect the stability of Time Perspective as a cognitive-motivational process. In this project, the factor structure of Time Perspective was addressed, with the development of an integrative model of Time Perspective, which combines Zimbardo & Boyd’s (1999) 5-dimension model, the Transcendental Future (Boyd & Zimbardo, 1997) and the notion indirectly referred to by Lewin (1965) of Future Negative. This model’s predictive and conceptual validity was tested through a series of studies using Structural Equation Modelling, in which Time Perspective appears as an important predictor of several well-known psychological traits such as Consideration of Future Consequences, Hope and Self-Esteem. The issue of Time Perspective stability as also addressed, via a short-term longitudinal study analyzing the differences observed in Time Perspective after a one-year time period. The obtained results suggest that context has little or no effect on Time Perspective, since no strong differences were found between the assessments in the college and the home context. Regarding the temporal stability of Time Perspective, the results allow us to consider that in a one-year period Time Perspective is a quite stable construct, since there were no significant differences in any of its dimensions.
- Principal Investigator: Sónia Cherpe
- Period: 2011 - 2018
- Funding: SFRH/BD/72739/2010
Depression will be the second leading cause of disability in 2020, and the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide by 2030 (WHO, WFMH, 2012). Adding the occurrence of the first depressive episode increases significantly during adolescence, at the age of 15 (Fergusson et al., 2005; Hankin et al., 1998).
The aim of this study was to research the risk and protection factors (R/PF) associated with depressive symptomatology in 1,200 adolescents aged 13 to 16 years old.
The selected bio-psychological R/PF were assessed either cross-sectional and longitudinally – panel studies (3 different moments, at 18 to 24 months in time) to analyze their effects on the variation of depressive symptomatology.
It is expected a slight contribution to the knowledge of preventive psychology through the identification, and structural analysis of cumulative effects of such factors. It might be important to enlighten the decisions related with the selection of the most powerful predictors (cost-effective and time-efficient) to maximize the usefulness of screenings and preventive interventions developmentally adjusted and timely wise.
- Principal Investigator: Joana Duarte
- Period: 2012 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship SFRH/BD/81416/2011
- Principal Investigator: Marta Isabel Lopes Capinha
- Period: 2019 - 2023
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship SFRH/BD/137335/2018
A violência nas reações de intimidade (VRI) é reconhecida internacionalmente como problema de saúde pública, com graves consequências físicas, psicológicas e relacionais, e impacto socioeconómico. Apesar dos progressos jurídicosociais, traduzidos em intervenções cada vez mais especializadas para agressores e vítimas, não existem modelos psicológicos explicativos da VRI que considerem o papel das variáveis evolucionárias, e que se fundamentem no estudo da díade (agressor/vítima) enquanto casal. A compreensão do ajustamento diádico e dos mecanismos subjacentes à (des)regulação do afeto em sujeitos envolvidos em dinâmicas violentas nas relações de intimidade, que parecem impedir um coping adaptativo em situações de conflito conjugal, é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de intervenção adequadas e eficazes. Privilegiando uma abordagem diádica, este estudo pretende analisar como a vergonha, associada à desregulação do afeto, se relaciona com experiências prévias de calor/afeto e segurança, influenciando estratégias disfuncionais de coping com a vergonha e, consequentemente, com o conflito conjugal.
- Principal Investigator: José Pinto Gouveia, Cristiana Duarte
- Period: 2018 - 2022
- Funding: idProject - FCT (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029081)
- Principal Investigator: Cláudia Ferreira, Inês Trindade
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FEDER
O projeto LIFEwithIBD pretende adaptar para a Doença Intestinal Inflamatória (DII) uma intervenção psicoterapêutica grupal inovadora (Programa MIND para doentes oncológicos). LIFEwithIBD representa a primeira intervenção que incorpora aceitação, mindfulness e compaixão na promoção da regulação emocional na DII, através de i) uma intervenção em grupo presencial e ii) uma intervenção baseada nas tecnologias da comunicação. A eficácia da intervenção grupal na melhoria da qualidade de vida, saúde mental, e dos índices de atividade da doença, será testada numa amostra de pacientes portugueses. O formato ICT deste programa de intervenção será desenvolvido e implementado em Portugal, Reino Unido e Brasil e disseminado pelas associações de doentes de cada país. O principal objetivo deste projeto é promover a eficácia dos cuidados de saúde na DII, através da criação de estratégias inovadoras, sustentáveis e holísticas na oferta de opções de tratamento a estes doentes.
- Principal Investigator: Marcela Matos
- Period: 2017 - 2020
- Funding: Compassionate Mind Foundation Research Funding
O projeto Compassionate Schools: Development and efficacy study of a compassion based intervention to promote teachers and children’s wellbeing visa desenvolver uma intervenção baseada na compaixão para o contexto escolar destinada a professores e a alunos, e testar a sua aceitabilidade, eficácia e impacto em indicadores fisiológicos de stresse, e investigar os seus mecanismos de mudança, através de estudos randomizados controlados em escolas de Portugal e Inglaterra. Envolve investigadores do Reino Unido (Paul Gilbert, Centre for Compassion Research and Training, College of Health and Social Care Research Centre, University of Derby, School of Sciences, Derby, United Kingdom; Frances Maratos, University of Derby; Mary Welford, Compassionate Mind Foundation), Estados Unidos (Brooke Dodson-Lavelle, Mind & Life Institute), Austrália (James Kirby, Universidade de Queensland) e Portugal (investigadores do CINEICC). Este projeto com duração de três anos é financiado pelo Compassionate Mind Foundation Research Funding (Total: 108.000,00€; Portugal: 54.000,00€). Data de início: maio de 2017.
- Principal Investigator: Marcela Matos
- Period: 2018 - 2020
- Funding: Compassionate Mind Foundation Research Funding
O projeto de investigação The effects of compassion mind training on well-being, compassion orientation, and physiological and epigenetic correlates of prosociality and stress pretende estudar o impacto de uma intervenção focada na compaixão em indicadores de bem-estar e regulação emocional, em respostas fisiológicos e marcadores epigenéticos de stress e prosociaidade. Este projeto é financiado pelo Compassionate Mind Foundation Research Funding (10.000,00€), e equipa é composta por Paul Gilbert (Centre for Compassion Research and Training, University of Derby, UK), Robert Kumsta (Department of Genetic Psychology, Research Department of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany), José Pinto-Gouveia (CINEICC), tendo como Instituição de Acolhimento a Universidade de Coimbra (UC)/ Centro de Investigação do Núcleo de Estudos e Intervenção Cognitivo-Comportamental (CINEICC). Data de início: setembro de 2018.
- Principal Investigators: Paula Castilho, José Pinto-Gouveia
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FEDER
Este projeto visa desenvolver e implementar uma intervenção TIC para a autogestão da dor crónica (DC)
Referência do projeto: T495807423-00033154
Montante financiado: 239.957,56€
- Principal Investigator: Paula Vagos
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT - Reference: C492522605-00087032
Social anxiety in adolescence may develop to a psychopathological expression. Still, there is a lack of empirically validated therapies for social anxiety disorder (SAD) in adolescence that may be applied in schools, where adolescents face most of their (feared) social challenges. This research will evaluate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral, compassion-focused, and acceptance and commitment therapies, as applied to adolescents’ SAD, in comparison with waiting-listed and non-disordered controls, after intervention and at follow-up. Therapeutic change process and moderators of change underlying different interventions will be investigated. The courses of adolescents’ social anxiety will be studied from a clinical and a normative perspective. Findings will provide evidence on which intervention may be the optimal choice for changing the course of SAD in general, and when dealing with specific vulnerabilities that mediate and moderate therapeutic change in this developmental period.
- Principal Investigators: Maria Paula Paixão & Pedro Cordeiro
- Period: 2019 - 2020
- Funding: Portugal 2020, ATB
- Principal Investigator: Célia Barreto
- Period: 2019 - 2022
- Funding: Department of Veterans ans the University of Downtown New York
- Principal Investigator: Célia Barreto
- Period: 2019 - 2021
- Funding: DRCT
OBJETIVO PRINCIPAL:
O desenvolvimento turístico em áreas rurais periféricas tem tido pouca atenção e a maioria das comunidades rurais não está preparada para lidar com mudanças estruturais na sua economia. As pessoas que aí vivem trabalham normalmente na agricultura ou na pesca, têm baixa escolaridade e não possuem as competências adequadas para estabelecer relações sinergéticas com turistas e empresas de turismo. É, pois, fundamental capitalizar os pontos fortes dessas comunidades, especialmente no que se refere à relação com recursos naturais, atividades económicas tradicionais, folclore, gastronomia, festividades e rituais. Através destes elementos, o GREAT procurará formas de criar experiências turísticas inovadoras em áreas rurais e criar valor para as comunidades locais, contribuindo para a redução da pobreza e da exclusão social e aumento do emprego. Os objetivos gerais são:
- Avaliar o potencial turístico de zonas periféricas das ilhas dos Açores;
- Compreender como potenciar o desenvolvimento de pequenas zonas periféricas através do turismo;
- Contribuir para a diversificação da oferta e da procura turística nos Açores;
- Fomentar o desenvolvimento de serviços e competências para o turismo em zonas rurais.
ENTIDADE BENEFICIÁRIA: Fundação Gaspar Frutuoso / Universidade dos Açores
CUSTO TOTAL ELEGÍVEL: 177.997,19€
FUNDO EUROPEU DE DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL (FEDER): 148.237,61€
DESCRIÇÃO:
No projeto GREAT, a investigação será especialmente orientada para o desenvolvimento do turismo em áreas periféricas/remotas, como pequenas freguesias e comunidades rurais, que têm sentido menos impactos do turismo na economia local. O objetivo é estudar o seu potencial turístico e formas de originar novos produtos e experiências nas áreas mais remotas das ilhas, especialmente através do Turismo de Natureza e do Turismo Rural (lato sensu).
RESULTADOS:
Os principais resultados a atingir são os seguintes:
- Definição do perfil típico dos turistas que procuram experiências em áreas rurais;
- Revelação do potencial turístico de zonas rurais periféricas específicas dos Açores;
- Identificação de um modelo de empowerment para agricultores e pescadores que facilite a exploração do turismo através das suas atividades profissionais principais (ex.: agroturismo e pesca-turismo);
- Caracterização dos princípios de marketing digital para promoção do turismo rural em áreas periféricas dos Açores;
- Caracterização das necessidades de formação turística de líderes e empreendedores locais em pequenas comunidades periféricas dos Açores.
- Principal Investigators: Daniel Rijo & Paula Vagos
- Period: 2019 - 2022
- Funding: FCT (C490806999-00082130; I&D FCT/COMPETE 2020 de 2017)
Adolescence is a critical period for acquiring adaptive emotion regulation strategies and difficulties is this acquisition have been associated with a wide range of mental health problems. The evolutionary perspective proposes the existence of three emotion regulation systems, aimed at survival and thrive: threat system, related with defense/protection; drive system, associated with acquisition of resources/pursuit of pleasure; and soothing system, linked to attachment/safeness. A recent trend in research establishes heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) as important biomarkers of emotional (dys)regulation and there is now evidence that they can grasp the activation of those different emotional regulations systems. When these systems are unbalanced, individuals are prone to develop different forms of psychopathology.
The main goal of this research project is to explore specific patterns of HR/HRV when each specific emotion regulation system is triggered, and to compare those patterns among samples of normative, behaviorally disordered and socially anxious youth. Additionally, an intervention study will test if a compassion based therapy is able to improve emotion regulation (assessed via self-report and psychophysiological measures), in a sample of severely behaviorally disordered youth. Three main studies will be carried out. The first includes the development and validation of audio scripts aimed to trigger each emotion regulation system. These scripts will be validated using expert and youth samples. One scenario for each system will be selected to be used as stimuli for following studies. The second study will test for HR/HRV patterns associated with the activation of different emotion regulation systems, contrasting three youth samples: with no psychiatric disorders, with internalizing problems (i.e., social anxiety disorder), and with externalizing problems (i.e., conduct disorder); gender will be taken as a covariate in these comparisons. The third study will apply a RCT design for testing the impact of a compassion-based psychotherapeutic intervention in promoting emotion regulation in youth with severe behavioral problems (i.e., male young offenders). Follow-up assessments will inform about change maintenance over time.
Findings from these concerted studies will add to knowledge on the relevance of HR/HRV as psychophysiological markers of emotion regulation in both disturbed and non-disturbed youth. They will add to the state-of-the-art research because HR/HRV will be linked to the triggering of different emotion regulation systems. Contrasting different clinical groups will also shed light on the different psychophysiological vulnerabilities underlying diverse manifestations of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Finally, outcomes from the RCT study will help to establish compassion focused therapy as an appropriate treatment modality in a group of severely disturbed male youth.
- Principal Investigators: Paula Vagos & Daniel Rijo
- Period: 2019 - 2021
- Funding: EPIS
O comportamento agressivo, nas suas diferentes formas (i.e., verbal, física ou relacional), tem sido definido como um comportamento que visa causar dano ou dor nos outros. Trata-se de um comportamento cada vez praticado entre adolescentes, contribuindo para o seu desajustamento psicossocial e, consequentemente, para climas escolares hostis. Tais comportamentos, quando não devidamente identificados e intervencionados nas fases mais precoces do seu desenvolvimento, podem culminar em trajetórias de vida antissociais. Nos últimos anos, tem-se verificado que a intervenção para a prevenção e/ou diminuição destes comportamentos em meio escolar não tem sido suficientemente eficaz, talvez por não ser fundamentada em modelos teórico-práticos empiricamente validados e/ou por ser restrita aos adolescentes agressores, descurando o papel da vítima e do observador, nomeadamente o professor.
Este projeto visa desenvolver, implementar e avaliar uma abordagem holística (i.e., incluindo vários intervenientes, nomeadamente agressores, vítimas e observadores) à intervenção no comportamento agressivo em escolas sinalizadas pelo Programa Territórios Educativos de Intervenção Prioritária (TEIP) da região Norte do país. Esta abordagem incluirá dois programas de intervenção em grupo, um para alunos e outro para professores. A eficácia desta abordagem será testada de forma individual (i.e., intervenção apenas com alunos ou apenas com professores) e combinada (i.e., intervenção com alunos e seus professores). Serão estudados os efeitos diferenciais intervenções ao longo de três momentos (i.e., pré- e pós-intervenção e follow-up a três meses), entre si e em relação a um grupo de controlo de alunos com comportamento agressivo. Espera-se que, ao longo do tempo, os grupos alvo de intervenção, sobretudo os de intervenção combinada (i.e., alunos e professores), manifestem uma redução dos padrões interpessoais agressivos e um aumento de padrões interpessoais prossociais e/ou assertivos, comparativamente com os do grupo de controlo (que não serão alvo de intervenção).
- Principal Investigator: Vinicius Coscioni
- Period: 2017 - 2021
- Funding: CAPES (PROEX)
Da bolsa de doutoramento do Brasil: 88882.346446/2019-01
Acolhido pela linha CBCP do CINEICC (FPCE-UC) e pelo NEIC (Núcleo de Estudos e Intervenções em Carreira), da UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul)
- Principal Investigator: Vinicius Coscioni
- Period: 2020 - 2020
- Funding: CAPES
Da bolsa de doutorado sanduíche: 88887.363292/2019-00Acolhido pela linha CBCP do CINEICC (FPCE-UC) e pelo NEIC (Núcleo de Estudos e Intervenções em Carreira), da UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul)
- Principal Investigator: Cláudia Pires
- Period: 2019 - ...
- Funding: FCT - SFRH/BD/143520/2019
Test anxiety is a highly prevalent and impairing condition in adolescents, significantly impacting on their mental health and well-being. Despite lack of consensus regarding its nature and features, test anxiety has been linked to social anxiety, shame and self-criticism. Furthermore, it associates to low self-compassion, acceptance and mindfulness, which have been increasingly noted in the literature as fundamental competencies to cope with human suffering in general, and with academic difficulties in particular. However, programs with these components with adolescents are, from our knowledge, nonexistent. This project, therefore, aims to reduce the scientific gap
on test anxiety literature in two ways: building a more comprehensive model of test anxiety; and designing and implementing a group program with adolescent students, developing processes (i.e., compassion, acceptance and mindfulness) that have been proved adaptive and useful in several human difficulties, and that may also help decrease test anxiety, as well as increase general well-being.
- Principal Investigator: Daniel Seabra
- Period: 2019 - ...
- Funding: FCT - SFRH/BD/143437/2019
Ainda que a despatologização da homossexualidade tenha acontecido há mais de 30 anos, o estigma relativamente às pessoas lésbicas, gays e bissexuais (LGB) prevalece na sociedade atual. São inquestionáveis os desafios acrescidos que as pessoas LGB experienciam devido ao estigma. Os efeitos do estigma na saúde e bem-estar físico e mental destas pessoas estão comprovados, sendo importante que os profissionais de saúde mental tenham uma compreensão mais rigorosa das especificidades desta população e ferramentas de intervenção eficazes devidamente validados. Nesse sentido, este projeto pretende explorar e relacionar variáveis psicológicas e socioculturais de pessoas LGB (e.g. experiências precoces, regulação emocional e stress minoritário) e o seu impacto na saúde mental (psicopatologia e bem-estar). Pretende ainda realizar um estudo piloto de eficácia de uma intervenção baseada na compaixão, adaptada às especificidades destes indivíduos, pretendendo diminuir níveis de psicopatologia, promover uma relação mais saudável consigo próprios e aumentar a satisfação com a vida.
- Principal Investigator: Sara Oliveira
- Period: 2020 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/143410/2019)
- Principal Investigator: Ana Margarida Pinto
- Period: 2019 - ...
- Funding: FCT - SFRH/BD/145954/2019
Fibromyalgia is a chronic polysymptomatic condition that significantly restrains the individual’s functioning. The lack of crosstalk between psychological and neurophysiological lines of research has hindered a better understanding/management of fibromyalgia. In an effort to overcome this, we have developed an integrative model, according to which fibromyalgia is rooted in an imbalance between three affect regulation systems: threat, soothing, and drive. As yet, evidence supporting the model is circumstantial in part due to the lack of tools capable of assessing differential activation of these systems. Thus, we aim to develop a new instrument to assess these systems and use it to characterize and contrast fibromyalgia patients with clinical and nonclinical samples. The results will inform the development and evaluation of an integrated psychotherapeutic program, combining complimentary contextual cognitive-behavioural therapies, aimed at rebalancing the affect regulation systems. If proven effective, it will constitute a valuable new resource in fibromyalgia treatment.
- Principal Investigator: Alexandra Lino
- Period: 2020 - ...
- Funding: FCT - SFRH/BD/147521/2019
In Portugal, the existing knowledge on polyvictimization is still in an early stage, especially in residential care contexts. Exposed to intrafamilial victimization, adolescents in residential care tend to have several aspects of their development compromised, thus affecting their ability to adapt to life circumstances. It has already been demonstrated that victimization experienced in the early years of life is a predictor of later forms of victimization, and that the cumulative impact of experiencing several forms of victimization is more severe than experiencing repeated victimizations of a single type. This research will translate and adapt the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ-R2) to a Portuguese version in order to study polyvictimization, its prevalence and impact on the psychological functioning and adjustment of 200 adolescents in residential care. It will also be studied the mediating role of trauma in the relationship between polyvictimization and the psychological functioning and adjustment of adolescents. The analysis will be performed by comparison with a sample of adolescents from the general population.
- Principal Investigator: Mariana Eusébio Miller Oliveira Mendes
- Period: 2019 - ...
- Funding: FCT - SFRH/BD/147556/2019
Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep complaint with multiple consequences at several levels. Despite the proved efficacy of Cognitive-behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) at diminishing insomnia symptoms and severity, some of its behavioural components have been shown to be of difficult compliance leading to intervention failure. One of the causes for the lack of compliance relates to difficulty in tolerate unpleasant feelings, thoughts and emotions. The third wave CBT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy [ACT] and Compassion Focused Therapy [CFT]) act on psychological and behavioural flexibility, acceptance of unpleasant internal experiences and work on developing a compassionate attitude toward oneself. Considering these aspects, the adaptation of third wave CBT to insomnia treatment appears to be and advantageous new approach; as such, the main objectives of this study are to develop an ACT and compassion based protocol for insomnia treatment and test its efficacy in comparison to CBT-I.
- Principal Investigator: Jerôme Rossier (Maria Paula Paixão - Portugal)
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: UNESCO
RD&H
- Principal Investigator: Rita Berger
- Period: 2020 - 2023
- Funding: ERASMUS+ programme, Key Action 2, Strategic Partnership
Project n° 2020-1-ES01-KA203-083282
https://www.work-life-flow.eu/
WLF aims at fostering a positive Work-Life-Flow (WLF) in post-Corona legacy arising from remote working and social distancing. WLF refers to the dynamic equilibrium between an individual’s professional and social roles to replace rigid work-life balance approaches.
Because of the COVID pandemic, work and life is changing very quickly and becoming focused on remote work and home office. This will change not only the practices and boundaries of work and employment, but also transform the boundaries and practices of collective and personal social life.
Mastering an adaptive healthy flow between the domains of work, family and leisure is a challenging key competence to maintain an effective work performance while increasing social, physical and mental health. For working parents and informal careers, a positive WLF is even more challenging. Such cross-disciplinary or non-cognitive skills are underdeveloped across the EU’s education systems but expected to grow in importance, even faster due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Therefore, a competency-based approach to WLF, as addressed in this project, is key to foster resilience and individual well-being within the current and future European workforce. People who are equipped with the necessary competences will apply personal, social, and organizational resources to optimize their individual and sustainable WLFs.
The objectives of WLF are offer three main outcomes of new knowledge on WLF: to develop and test a) an innovative concept and web-based self-assessment tool for a WLF linked to EFQM model and b) innovative blended, virtual/distance training materials. Furthermore, c) an integrated solution that includes the assessment tool and the training to tackle the skills gap on WLF-related competences future and current business professionals for a positive WLF to reduce negative health- and performance-related outcomes.
- Principal Investigator: Mariana Branquinho
- Period: 2020 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/145563/2019)
The negative effects of postpartum depression (PPD) and its high prevalence are well reported in literature. However, despite the existence of effective treatments (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy), there are low professional help-seeking rates among postpartum women with PPD, due to several barriers (e.g., childcare constraints, high costs). Blending face-to-face psychological intervention with e-health tools could overcome practical barriers perceived by postpartum women, reduce treatment costs, improve therapy adherence, produce positive long-term improvements and increase postpartum women’s access and utilization of mental health care system.
In this context, this project aims to develop and evaluate the acceptability and effectiveness of a blended cognitive-behavioral intervention for the treatment of postpartum depression by integrating face-to-face sessions with a web-based program: Be a Mom Coping with Depression. The efficacy of the intervention will be assessed considering two indicators: a) decrease or absence of clinically significant depressive symptoms at post-intervention and follow-up; and b) post-intervention and follow-up improvements in mother’s psychosocial adjustment indicators (e.g., anxiety symptoms, marital satisfaction, maternal self-efficacy). It also aims to investigate the mechanisms explaining the treatment response (e.g., psychological flexibility, self-compassion) and characteristics moderating the treatment response (e.g., motivation for therapy, therapeutic relationship).
- Principal Investigator: Ana Osório
- Period: 2018 - 2023
- Funding: CAPES Grant programme [Ref. 8888131034420180]
O desenvolvimento adequado na infância lança as bases de uma vida adulta plena e da cidadania responsável e produtiva. Dois importantes eixos de promoção do desenvolvimento infantil são a saúde mental e o sucesso acadêmico, sendo inegável a maior eficácia e custo-benefício de intervenções precoces. De fato, o investimento em crianças, principalmente aquelas provenientes de famílias em maior vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, gera um retorno significativo para a sociedade. Além disso, usos inovadores da tecnologia permitirão atingir esses objetivos de forma mais eficiente e precisa, com importantes repercussões na identificação de problemas, grupos prioritários, definição e implementação de medidas e informação de elevada qualidade para o delineamento de políticas públicas.
- Principal Investigator: André Silva
- Period: 2019 - 2022
- Funding: Bial Foundation Grant Programme 2018, Proposal ID 318/18
Literature tells us that human time perception mechanisms are sensitive to certain states and stimuli. Emotional stimuli, for example, lead to increased arousal which will likely lead to overestimations when participants are asked to estimate stimuli elapsed time. Because studies involving time perception are usually held in a laboratory setting and are not immersive, participants will be performing our time perception task in a virtual immersive environment with the help of a head-mounted virtual reality display. Lastly, it is not clear the effect of neuromodulation on time perception and specifically on the emotional bias in time perception. As such, we will be using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to activate emotional-sensitive brain areas and explore its effects on time perception. Overall, our goals are this: a) Determine whether VR emotional priming produces different results compared with non-VR priming; b) Determining whether VR priming affects time perception differently than non-VR priming; and c) Determining whether tDCS neuromodulation can suppress the effects of emotional priming on time perception.
- Principal Investigator: Raquel Pires
- Period: 2019 - 2025
- Funding: Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia [CEECIND/02463/2017]
The adoption literature has been focused on children’s development and mental health, their capacity to recover from adversity, and the processes explaining their adjustment. Despite the undeniable value of this body of research, less attention has been paid to the psychological and parenting functioning of adoptive parents. These parents face specific developmental challenges that make them vulnerable to depression, anxiety, stress, and difficulties in being emphatic, sensitive, confident, and efficient in managing children´s behavior. According to several Portuguese and international studies, these issues may greatly impact on parent-child relationships and children’s development. However, the characteristics and processes that explain the psychological and parental functioning of adoptive parents have been poorly studied. Also, the psychological interventions available to these parents in the post-adoption period are scarce, mostly with no theoretical background or solid evidence of efficacy.
Mindful parenting interventions have been effective in promoting the quality of psychological and parenting functioning within a range of adverse contexts. Focusing attention on the present moment, with an attitude of non-judgmental acceptance, parents could achieve greater sensitivity to the child’s cue, acceptance of the self and the child, compassion for both, and self-regulation, thus promoting their mental health, the quality of parent-child relationships and children’s healthy development. Preliminary studies on adoptive parenthood suggest that this may be a promising approach to understand and intervene in the post-adoption period.
Therefore, our research project aims to: 1) characterize the psychological and parenting functioning of Portuguese adoptive parents, 2) explore individual, relational, and contextual factors that could explain their difficulties, and 3) investigate the acceptability, feasibility, efficacy, and therapeutic mechanisms of a mindful parenting post-adoption intervention.
In addition to provide a better understanding about poorly studied topics, the ultimate goal of this project is to address the real needs of the target population and contribute to the mission and sustainability of the Portuguese Child Protection System (law 143/2015). We intend to do that through the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge that can support and guide effective and potentially cost-effective post-adoption psychological interventions.
- Principal Investigator: Ana Ganho Ávila
- Period: 2016 - 2019
- Funding: FCT P2020-PTDC/MHCPAP/5618/2014
An adjusted fear response is at the core of organisms’ survival and seems to be dependent on the engagement of memory reconsolidation mechanisms. Reconsolidation is the process by which memories are updated according to environmental demands. In order to induce reconsolidation, researchers have been exploring post-reactivation extinction (PR-ext). Classical fear extinction (C-ext) seems to result in a temporary fear response inhibition, whereas PR-ext extinction seems to lead to elimination of fear. This revising process has been a target of interest for innovative treatments for anxiety disorders.
However, researchers face reconsolidation boundary conditions. Namely, C-ext seems to block simultaneous reconsolidation processes, inhibiting fear memory erasure. This project main goal is to use neuromodulation to surpass this limitation. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) will be complementary techniques to behavioral PR-ext, to trigger reconsolidation, and eliminate fear memories, considered to be at the etiology of anxiety disorders.
- Principal Investigator: Alexandra Martins
- Period: 2015 - 2022
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/100117/2014)
Open: Project HIV/AIDS Infection among Serodiscordant Couples: A dyadic and multidimensional approach
- Principal Investigator: Ana Fonseca
- Period: 2014 - 2023
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/93996/2013)
Open: Preventing postpartum depression through e-health interventions
- Principal Investigator: Ana Ganho Ávila
- Period: 2019 - 2023
- Funding: COST Action CA18138
The main goal of Riseup-PPD COST Action is to establish a Pan-European multidisciplinary network of researchers dedicated to the understanding of Peripartum Depression Disorder (PPD), from its prevention and assessment to its treatment and global impact.
Riseup-PPD aims at filling gaps in PPD research, practice and social awareness by developing updated reviews fostering research efforts on the standardization of diagnostic criteria, the development of adequate screening tools and cost-effectiveness evaluation of prevention and treatment programs. Additionally, the Action seeks to bridge multidisciplinary knowledge on the determinants of depressive symptoms in the peripartum period, and the mechanisms of action and change. This will be achieved by supporting a network capable of conducting innovative, translational projects on the neuropsychological mechanisms and biomarkers involved in the onset, maintenance and impact of PPD on women, newborns-infants and families, combined with cost-effectiveness analysis and evidence-based and implementation research projects. Finally, Riseup-PPD aims at building a shared database providing research teams with large quality- controlled datasets.
- Principal Investigator: Ana Rita Martins
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/122665/2016)
The current recognition of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) as a public crime, the high incidence rates and the proven adverse impact on victim’s health, especially during life cycle periods of greater vulnerability such as pregnancy, make research and intervention with pregnant victims a priority. Despite the social and legal advances in the implementation of immediate judicial, social and emotional support for the victims, there are no specific psychological models explaining the impact of IPV on adaptation to pregnancy, or validated intervention programs that help victims develop intrapersonal skills to promote their own protection. As such, this project has two main goals: (1) to test predictive models of the impact of different factors on the (in)adaptation of the women victims of IPV during motherhood transition; and (2) to develop, implement and evaluate the impact of a structured group intervention program based on Evolutionary Psychology’ models.
This intervention program aims to promote protective behaviors and emotional regulation strategies that allow victims to: obtain information about the IPV cycle, physical/psychological consequences during pregnancy and protective services/supports available; develop intrapersonal strategies that promote their own protection at short and long time, eliminating and preventing violence interactions, and decreasing the threat/defense internal system associated; promote the activation of the affiliation system, developing maternal competences of adequate care and safe bonding; change representations of dysfunctional mentalities and social roles, promoting problem solving skills, decision making processes and affection regulation during pregnancy. The program impact will be measured through a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). The main expected contributions are highlighted in three major levels: (1) Theoretical-scientific conception; (2) Implications for prevention and clinical practice; and (3) Legal, economic and social relevance.
- Principal Investigator: Cláudia Melo
- Period: 2012 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/84677/2012)
- Principal Investigator: Daniel Rijo
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: EPIS/Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (EPIS-FCG/PinhalDeFuturo2017)
This project aims to assess the prevalence of trauma related disorders in children and adolescents (aged 6 to 18 years old) in the regions affected by forest fires during 2017. About 2800 children and adolescents will be included. A computer assisted screening tool has been developed and psychologists will assess children and their families in order to detect cases with relevant symptomatology. Further clinical intervention will be provided to children in need of psychological treatment. Treatment effects on stress related symptoms, emotional regulation, quality of life and school achievement will be assessed during and after intervention. Both the computer assisted screening tool and the intervention handbook will be available at the end of the project and will work as resources for similar interventions in the future.
- Principal Investigator: Daniela Centenaro Levandowski
- Period: 2010 - 2013
- Funding: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq (Bolsa de Produtividade de Pesquisa Refª 312154/2009-7)
- Principal Investigator: Daniela Ventura Fernandes
- Period: 2018 - 2022
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/132588/2017)
Although the period after childbirth may be perceived by many parents and mothers as a gratifying and satisfying time, it is also a challenging period, often leading parents, especially mothers, to experience high levels of parenting stress. Parenting stress has been associated with several negative consequences for mother-infant relationship and for child’s development and parenting. Previous research suggested that even mothers who do not experience high levels of parenting stress often find it difficult to adjust to the parental role.
Thus, the development of psychological interventions that help mothers to adjust to the postpartum period while developing positive parenting skills is needed. In this context, mindful and compassionate parenting interventions may have an important role in helping mothers regulate their parenting stress, as well as promote more positive and secure relationships with their infants. The recent COVID-19 pandemic, especially during the first waves, has made it difficult the development of face-to-face and group interventions, which has led to a greater investment in e-health interventions for mental health promotion (e-mental health), particularly useful in a pandemic context, given its accessibility and flexibility.
The Mindful Moment – a mindful and compassionate parenting program, web-based and self-guided – appeared in this context with the aim of providing to mothers with moderate/high levels of parenting stress, in the postpartum period, a psychological intervention that, in other way (i.e., in person and in a group), it would not be accessible given the pandemic-related restrictions.
The Mindful Moment is constituted by six modules, and it is focused on the parental relationship and on the promotion of protective psychological resources (mindfulness and self-compassion).
- Principal Investigator: Fabiana Monteiro
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/115585/2016)
Postpartum women who are not at an immediate risk of developing postpartum depression still face several challenges that may have a negative effect in their mental well-being, such as dealing with child care tasks, changes in marital and social relationships and transitioning back to work. E-mental health tools (e.g., web-based interventions) for mental health promotion (and consequently for disease prevention) can be delivered at a very low-cost and have long-term positive outcomes beyond the reduction of psychopathological symptoms, while also contributing to an efficient use of health services. In this context, this project aims to assess the applicability and effectiveness of a web-based intervention for the promotion of mental health of non-risk postpartum women. Post-intervention improvements and long-term effects on individual, marital and maternal outcomes will be considered, along with the web-based program’s feasibility and usability, users’ satisfaction, as well as its cost-effectiveness.
- Principal Investigator: Helena Moreira
- Period: 2011 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/70063/2010)
- Principal Investigator: Joana Pereira
- Period: 2013 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/ 89435/2012)
- Principal Investigator: José Pinto-Gouveia
- Period: 2012 - ...
- Funding: Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES; BEX Process number 0514/12-8)
This project aims to test integrative conceptual models of binge eating psychopathology (simultaneously in Brazil and Portugal) in order to investigate if these models are invariant across different cultures.
- Principal Investigator: Leonor Carvalho
- Period: 2014 - 2016
- Funding: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian (Cidadania Activa Program B11-200362)
This project, funded by Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (FCG), was promoted by the Portuguese National Association of Early Intervention (ANIP) in partnership with the National System of Early Intervention (SNIPI), and with the support of the University of Aveiro, the national Association Pais em Rede and the work of several experts in the field of early intervention, linked to different Portuguese universities. It also counted on the international counseling from the European Association on Early Childhood Intervention (Eurlyaid) and the International Society on Early Intervention (ISEI).
The main goal of Im2 was to increase the effectiveness and quality of early childhood intervention services, aimed at families and children up to six years old, thus providing a common frame of reference to professionals in this area.
Its main actions were the creation and dissemination of a best practices manual including the recommended practices for the field of early intervention in the Portuguese context, as well as carrying out specialized training actions directed at the professionals working in early intervention, all over the regions in Portugal.
- Principal Investigator: Marco Pereira
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: FCT Research Contract (IF/00402/2014)
The HIV Serodiscordant Couples’ Project: A dyadic and multidimensional approach (Open)
- Principal Investigator: Marco Pereira
- Period: 2009 - 2014
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/44435/2008)
- Principal Investigator: Maria João Gouveia
- Period: 2015 - 2019
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/102722/2014)
- Principal Investigator: Maria João Seabra-Santos
- Period: 2015 - 2016
- Funding: EEA Grant – Public Health Initiatives (PT06 – 51SM04)
- Principal Investigator: Maria João Seabra-Santos
- Period: 2017 - 2017
- Funding: EEA Grants – Public Health Initiatives - Funds for bilateral relations (PT06 – 51SM04)
Extension of the previously funded project “Incredible Years for the promotion of mental health” (PT06-51SM04), aimed at strengthening bilateral relations between Portugal and Norway, through networking and exchanges of experiences, transfer of knowledge and best practices, between promoters of the project and the Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare / University of Tromso; joint dissemination of results.
- Principal Investigator: Mariana Moura-Ramos
- Period: 2013 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (FCT/SFRH/BPD/87514/2012)
- Principal Investigator: Neuza Silva
- Period: 2017 - 2019
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/116841/2016)
- Principal Investigator: Neuza Silva
- Period: 2011 - 2014
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/69885/2010)
- Principal Investigator: Neuza Silva
- Period: 2017 - 2020
- Funding: Não financiado
- Principal Investigator: Raquel Pires
- Period: 2010 - 2015
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/63949/2009)
Adolescent pregnancy in Portugal: Etiology, reproductive decision and adaptation (Open)
- Principal Investigator: Sara Albuquerque
- Period: 2013 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/86223/2012)
- Principal Investigator: Sara Leitão
- Period: 2018 - 2022
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/129156/2017)
- Principal Investigator: Stephanie Alves
- Period: 2015 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/102717/2014)
- Principal Investigator: Susana Santos
- Period: 2012 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/80777/2011)
Individual and family adaptation in pediatric cancer: Contributing factors and contexts (Open)
- Principal Investigators: Urbano Nunes, Carlos Carona
- Period: 2013 - 2015
- Funding: FCT Project (RECI/EEI-AUT/0181/2012)
AMS-HMI12 - Assisted mobility supported by shared-control and advanced human-machine interfaces (Open)
- Principal Investigator: Ana Fonseca
- Period: 2019 - 2023
- Funding: FCT & PT2020 (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-028699)
NAAP
- Principal Investigator: Ana R. Silva
- Period: 2011 - 2016
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/68816/2010)
Based on the recent research about neurorehabilitation techniques available for probable Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia in early stages, this investigation aims to compare the potential efficiency of a memory stimulation programs/ techniques. We compared a program based on the existing memory training exercises (memo+), and a wearable digital device – SenseCam – that will act as an external passive memory aid. The participants in the study were 57 individuals with probable AD dementia (amnestic presentation category), randomly assigned to three conditions (Memo+; SenseCam; control condition -writing a diary). With both these instruments, it is expected that patients can improve their memory, but also their functional abilities and quality of life, that are domains with great impact for the patients´ daily life. Results pointed for the efficacy of SenseCam equivalent to an intensive memory training program, and more effective to reduce depressive symptomatology, suggesting its interest for non-motivated patients.
- Principal Investigator: Catarina Marques-Costa
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/128597/2017)
- Principal Investigator: Diana Duro
- Period: 2014 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/52289/2013)
- Principal Investigator: Inês S. Ferreira
- Period: 2007 - 2013
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/27255/2006)
- Principal Investigator: Pedro Armelim Almiro
- Period: 2008 - 2013
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/37970/2007)
- Principal Investigator: Isabel Albuquerque
- Period: 2008 - 2014
- Funding: Ministry of Education (Doctoral Individual Grant)
The aim of this research was to explore the relationship between personality variables and well-being. Specifically, we investigated the direct effect of five personality factors and their facets, as well as of personal projects, on subjective well-being components and psychological well-being dimensions. Moreover, we explored whether personal projects have a mediator and/or moderator role on the relationship between the five factors of personality and the two well-being varieties; and whether personal projects have specific linkages with subjective and psychological well-being.
- Principal Investigator: José Leitão
- Period: 2016 - 2018
- Funding: BIAL Foundation Fellowship Programme (PT/FB/BL-2014-234)
Inhibition prevents irrelevant information from intruding on ongoing goal-directed processes and is essential for successful completion of many daily tasks. Normal aging allegedly induces a loss of its efficiency. However, four factors crucial for an appropriately disentangled and fine-grained account of this effect tend to be neglected: (1) the degree of executive control required to deploy the inhibitory process; (2) the degree of match between the individual’s morning/evening optimal-functioning type (Chronotype, CT) and the time of day (ToD) when the task is executed, yielding the so-called “synchrony effect”; (3) the interaction (1) x (2), i.e. that between the degree of executive control required by the task and the synchrony effect; (4) in association with designs that consider any of the previous factors, the use of measurement techniques suitable for probing the relation between performance parameters (reaction time (RTs), correct/incorrect responses) and the brain processes underlying the observed variance in those parameters (e.g. Event Related Brain Potentials (ERPs), functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
Studies conducted by members of our team [2] have already explored the moderating impact of (1) on age-related inhibition changes. Controlled inhibition was shown to be hindered by aging, while automatic inhibition, when probed by means of negative priming (NP), seems impervious to this effect. This line of research poses the question of determining whether the effect of aging upon controlled inhibition is direct or mediated. A strong candidate for such a mediating factor is (2), i.e., an increased age-associated sensitivity of frontal processes, such as executive control, to the synchrony effect. In spite of this, studies of aging effects upon inhibition that appropriately include (2) in their design are rare. Another question raised by this previous research from our team pertains to the use of NP (a residual after effect of previous inhibition of task-irrelevant information) as a means to probe automatic inhibition: As an after effect, NP may reflect features of the original inhibitory event, which may itself have been automatic or controlled, and, in this latter case, could result in augmented NP when the required executive control is more effortful (e.g. when performed by older participants under CT/ToD asynchrony). Tackling these questions would require a design appropriately incorporating (3). Aging studies designed to investigate this higher level interaction, (3), or that incorporate (4), are, to the best of our knowledge, inexistent. We have therefore designed a study of aging effects tailored to probe (3), comparing the mediating effect of CT/ToD (as)synchrony upon age-related differences in negative priming (NP) resulting from automatic or controlled inhibition.
All participants will perform two ERP eliciting tasks, one probing NP resulting from automatic inhibition (a yes/no word-picture matching task, containing yes-yes trial-sequences featuring the subdominant meaning of an ambiguous word followed by its
dominant meaning, previously inhibited), the other probing NP resulting from controlled inhibition (a spatial stroop task, in which the left/right location of an arrow has to be ignored and its pointing direction determines which hand-held switch should be pressed, featuring trials that require the previously inhibited right/left switch press to be effected). Young and older participants will be selected in order to obtain an identical number of morning and evening chronotypes (30 of each chronotype in each age group, for a total of 120 participants). Each age/chronotype subgroup will be split in two 15-participants conditions by randomly assigning a time of participation that either matches or mismatches the participants’ chronotype.
This design will probe the overall hypothesis that aging impacts frontal inhibition-control processes differently from non-frontal inhibitory circuitry. Specifically, we hypothesize that (I) the impact of aging upon controlled inhibition mostly reflects increased sensitivity of executive control to circadian rhythms, in particular to the synchrony effect; (II) the impact of aging upon the functional integrity of non-frontal inhibitory circuitry, as reflected in automatic inhibition, results in intrinsic and irretrievable changes in this circuitry, and therefore should not show modulations resulting from the synchrony effect.
Both performance (RTs and proportion of correct responses) and ERP data will be analyzed. With respect to the latter, N200 and P300 components are expected to reflect NP modulations, respectively indexing conflict detection and conflict resolution caused by residual inhibition in NP trials. The use of dense array electroencephalography (64 electrodes), will further allow us to explore the brain locations associated with the detected ERP effects. To this end we will use the sLORETA source localization algorithm.
https://www.bial.com/pt/fundacao_bial.11/apoios.18/edicoes_anteriores.74/apoios_2014.a490.html
- Principal Investigator: Liliana B. Sousa
- Period: 2009 - 2015
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/47677/2008)
- Principal Investigator: Luís Pires
- Period: 2011 - 2017
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/70011/2010)
Introduction
Executive Functions (EF) are a set of “higher-level” cognitive functions that allow quick shifts of mindset, necessary to adapt our behaviour to a wide range of life situations. There are several EF, each often involving several subsidiary processes. This EF system supports planning, coordinating, sequencing, and monitoring of other cognitive operations. Deficits in EF are usually found in the elderly population, playing a key role as mediators of age-related changes in non-executive functions (nEF), such as memory and language. These deficits in EF are apparently selective rather than generalized: EF relying on the recruitment of automatic processes are less affected by ageing than processes relying on higher levels of cognitive control. In order to examine the nature of EF and the ageing impact upon these functions, we conducted a series of studies at two levels of analysis: the structural level and the processing level. At the structural level, we addressed the problem of the existence of a unitary EF, and the alternative to this view, that different EF do interact systematically, but without relying on a central EF “regulator” of some sort. At the processing level, we analysed the processing steps involved in the recruitment and implementation of cognitive control in a conflict task.
Methods
EF structure and age-related changes: We used a neuropsychological assessment battery comprising nine tests that theoretically assess EF, nEF pertaining to verbal abilities (VA), and processing speed (PS). We collected data from ninety young adults and used confirmatory factor analysis to examine the internal structure of the battery. We also studied the relation between EF, VA and PS. To study possible age-related changes in EF and nEF, we administered a neuropsychological battery to twenty young adults and twenty older adults. A review of the current literature on EF and ageing, with an emphasis on neuropsychological assessment, guided the selection of the nine tests. EF processing and age-related changes: We conducted four experiments using a spatial Stroop task, (i) three of them scrutinizing the nature of the control processes deployed to resolve response-conflict, and one (ii) contrasting the implementation of the conflict-resolving control setup in younger and older adults. The spatial Stroop task employed in all studies was designed after a review of the numerous paradigms and methods used in inhibitory control studies. In this review, we focused on studies that used the high temporal resolution of the event-related potential (ERP) technique to identify the time-course of different processes involved in the implementation of inhibitory control. We found that some paradigms, like the Stroop paradigm, are more appropriate to study control processes than others (e.g., the Go-Nogo). These cognitive control paradigms could be expected to mostly recruit controlled processes, but in fact the latter co-occur and interact with automatic processes. In order to analyse this interplay, we studied cognitive control in two different, yet closely related, manifestations in a spatial Stroop task: the interference effect and the congruency sequence effects. In our task, participants responded to the left/right direction of an arrow, while ignoring its left/right position in a computer screen. The arrow’s direction and position could be congruent (C) or incongruent (IC). (i) To study the processing underpinnings of cognitive control, we conducted a set of three experiments, designed to contrast two theoretical views pertaining to the nature of those processes, the Prediction of Response-Outcome (PRO) theory and the Conflict Monitoring Theory (CMT). In Experiment 1, we collected data from thirty seven young adults to analyse the effect of the trial n-1 congruency type on an nth C trial. In Experiment 2, we collected data from thirty two young adults to analyse the effect of the trial n-1 congruency type on an nth position-only trial (PO; participants must respond to the left/right position of a circle). In Experiment 3, we collected data from thirty six young adults to analyse the effect of the trial n-1 congruency type on an nth IC trial. (ii) To investigate age-related modulations of the interplay between the controlled and automatic processes involved in cognitive control processing, performance in the spatial Stroop task was contrasted in younger and older adults. The interference effect in IC trials as well as the effect of trial n-1 congruency type on a nth C trial were analysed. The young and older adults participants in this study were the same that participated in the ageing study, mentioned in the EF Structure and age-related changes section.
Results
EF structure and age-related changes: We found that a three-correlated-factor model (EF, VA and PS) was the most suitable for our data. EF and PS were related but separable functions, whereas the EF and VA factors were unrelated. Concerning the cognitive ageing study we found that older adults’ performance was inferior to young adults’ performance in only twelve of the twenty six neuropsychological measures analysed. These age-related deficits are mainly explained by cognitive slowing and/or by inhibition deficits. There were no age-related deficits in the other fourteen measures that included both EF and nEF. EF processing and age-related changes: Our results showed that PRO can better predict our participants’ performance than CMT. According to PRO, cognitive control is recruited in the presence of conflict, when multiple responses are available. The action plans yielding responses with an unacceptable cost (e.g., high error probability) are suppressed, leaving only the most appropriate action plan available. This enables the selection of the appropriate response, leading to conflict resolution. Concerning age-related modulations, our results revealed a generalized slowing that interacted with conflict resolution, yielding a larger interference effect for older adults. Despite this generalized slowing, the accuracy rates were similar in young and older adults, suggesting that with ageing, the implementation of cognitive control to resolve conflict becomes slower, but remains effective. Concerning the congruency sequence effects, older adults were slower than young adults in all conditions. However, we did not find any differences between the age groups in respect to the pattern found for the congruency sequence effects.
Conclusions
Taken together, our results support the diverse nature of EF. At the structural level, some EF tasks rely more on nEF and PS than others. Also, for an adequate performance in EF tasks designed to single-out one specific EF, multiple EF are in fact recruited. EF tasks less reliant on PS or on inhibition seem to be less affected by ageing. At the processing level, top-down processes are recruited in the presence of conflict for the computation and valuation of the multiple expected outcomes. Then, automatic processes, including both inhibition and enhancement processes, seem to play a key role in the cognitive control implementation. These automatic processes, as manifest in congruency sequence effects, are minimally affected by ageing. As for the controlled processes that are responsible for the implementation of control, it remains as an open question to what extent their age-related decline does not merely reflect a generalized reduction in PS.
- Principal Investigator: Magda Jordão
- Period: 2015 - 2019
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/103338/2014)
- Principal Investigator: Manuela Grazina
- Period: 2012 - 2014
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/SAU-EPI/12181172010)
- Principal Investigator: Marcela Matos
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: Compassionate Mind Foundation Research Funding
The main aim of the present research project is to develop, implement and test the efficacy of a compassion based schools program in teachers and in children from elementary schools. The teachers’ compassionate schools intervention is a 6-week group program that aims at improving hear-rate variability and promoting compassion, empathy, mindfulness, engagement, wellbeing and mental health indicators and at reducing fears of compassion, self and other criticism, negative affect, demotivation and burnout.
- Principal Investigator: Sandra Freitas
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: FCT Research Contract (IF/01325/2015)
The present research project focuses on aging and its normal or pathological course. The main objective is to improve holistic knowledge of the aging population in Portugal and related risk and protective factors. For this, studies will be conducted to estimate the incidence rate of cognitive decline in the Portuguese population (reassessment of a cohort, of cognitively healthy elderly residents in the community, with an average follow-up of 6 years), characterization of the population aging profiles (successful aging, normal aging, and MCI and dementia patients), investigation of the impact and predictive potential of several factors [at the level of healthy status (e.g. medical diagnostics, medication), biological (e.g. APOE genotyping, complete blood count, metabolic status), lifestyle habits (e.g. smoking, alcohol and substance abuse, physical exercise, eating habits), cognitive reserve (e.g. sociodemographic variables, history of occupational attainment, leisure activities throughout life, estimate of IQ), toxicity by metals (e.g. Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe and Al)] on the course of aging and development of neurodegenerative diseases, and the development of a clinical data collection questionnaire for the elderly suspected of cognitive impairment.
- Principal Investigator: Sandra Freitas
- Period: 2013 - 2016
- Funding: FCT Individual Post-Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/91942/2012)
- Principal Investigator: Sandra Freitas
- Period: 2011 - ...
- Funding: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Principal Investigator: Sandra Freitas
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: Liga Portuguesa Contra a Epilepsia (Bolsa Científica LPCE 2016)
The aim of this research project is to develop a systematic plan of studies to validate the Portuguese version of the MoCA (Version 7.1) for the brief cognitive evaluation of patients with Epilepsy, thus providing the conditions for a rigorous use of this test in the identification of cognitive dysfunction in these patients. Epilepsy patients will be recruited at the Neurology Clinic of the Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (Coimbra) and at the Neurology Clinic of the Centro Hospitalar de São João (Porto) (N=180). The diagnosis will be established by a multidisciplinary team consensus according to the international classification (Shorvon, 2011).
- Principal Investigator: Ana Allen Gomes
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT
Projeto nº 32581, com financiado aprovado de 193.172,12 €, com início em junho de 2018.
- Principal Investigator: Imke Buekenhout
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/135878/2018)
- Principal Investigators: Eduardo Leopoldo Fermé, Mário R. Simões
- Period: 2018 - 2022
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/CCI-COM/30990/2017)
Specification of requirements and identification of relevant neuropsychological assessment instruments for a comprehensive evaluation of cognition – University of Coimbra
- Principal Investigator: Maria João Seabra-Santos
- Period: 2017 - 2020
- Funding: ERASMUS + Programme (2017-1-IE01-KA201-025691)
Experiences during the first three years of life have been shown to have a lasting effect on a child’s development, and eventual life outcomes. In light of this the need for high quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) is widely recognised. Countries across Europe are facing complex, multifaceted problems that are negatively affecting its children. Challenges of immigration and integration are common. One in four children under the age of six in Europe is at risk of poverty or social exclusion, and may need specific measures to support their educational needs. Prevention and early intervention practices and approaches have been proven to be effective in addressing these challenges, particularly when they are focused on the earliest years of life.
Our project aims to share best practice in the areas of prevention and early intervention (PEI) in disadvantaged populations, evidence informed practice, practitioner training in PEI approaches, and the importance of early childhood care and education (ECEC) as a preventative tool. The objective of this learning exchange is to allow partner organisations to develop and reinforce networks, increase their capacity to work at a transnational level, share and confront ideas, practices and methods in ECEC and PEI.
This project has four partners: International Child Development Initiatives (ICDI), is a Dutch non-profit organisation with a worldwide brief, and a focus on European and developing countries. It promotes the well being of children growing up in difficult circumstances, and works to improve the policies and practices which affect these children by assisting in the development of local capacity. The University of Coimbra in Portugal has over 700 years of experience in education, training and research, and today has over 24,000 students. Its Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences are involved in research in the fields of parental and family education, early childhood education, and socio-educational interventions with children and families. UiT – the Arctic University of Norway, is the third largest in Norway and the northernmost university of the world. RKBU North (Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare) is involved in research and education of professionals within child welfare and mental health in Norway, and develops research-based practices for services that are working directly with children and youth.
The final partner is the Northside Partnership hosted Prevention and Early Intervention Network (PEIN) in Ireland. It is a network of evidence-based practice, advocacy and research organisations across the Republic of Ireland that share a commitment to improving outcomes for children, young people, and their communities.
The project involves a series of learning exchange visits to each of the partner countries. Activities during the exchanges will include: visit to the host organisation with presentation on their work; two site visits to local programmes/ projects; two expert inputs/ presentations from mixture of academic/ policy / practitioner; project meeting. There will also be two larger open learning events with local and national stakeholders. There will be a mixture of research, policy and practice in the learning exchanges, bringing together experts in all of these three fields.
The methodology we will use in this project will be participatory and experiential, involving open discussion and dialogue and involving visits to services and programmes, as well as inputs from practitioners, applied researchers, and those involved in policy formation. In the belief that strong interpersonal relationships form the basis for successful strategic partnerships and effective collaborative working, there will be space given to networking and information sharing, at all meetings and events.
At the end of this project participants will have developed a better understanding of the situation in different countries in terms of ECEC and PEI practice, as well as the similarities and differences in the context, challenges and responses that exist in each country, and within the different organisations and programmes. Participants will also come away with an understanding of how education and child services systems operate in different countries, and with some new ideas that may be usefully put into practice in their home countries. It is expected that the partnerships developed through this project outlive the lifespan of the current project, and will lead to future and perhaps more ambitious strategic partnerships, job shadowing arrangements, research collaborations and practitioner exchanges. It is also expected that this project will have a long term and sustained positive impact on the wider fields of PEI and ECEC in partner countries.
- Principal Investigator: Bianca Salguinho Gerardo
- Period: 2020 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/146680/2019)
The increase of dementia is noteworthy and the low rate of cases with strict genetic aetiology highlights the necessity of investigating environmental factors contributing to its pathogenesis. Although long-term exposure to Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) has been proposed as one possible cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the specific influence of PTEs on cognitive decline remains unexplored. We aim to study long-term exposure to PTEs as risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. Firstly, we will explore discrepancies in cognitive performance of exposed and non-exposed individuals. We will assess how different PTEs affect specific cognitive abilities and their impact over time in cognition. By including clinical samples, we intend to investigate the presence of PTEs in patients and to assess their relationship with genetic risk and biomarkers of AD. Therefore, we aim to contribute for further understanding of the impact of toxicants in cognition and their role in the increment of dementia cases.
- Principal Investigator: Joana Filipa Nogueira Vasco
- Period: 2019 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/136029/2018)
The increase of dementia is noteworthy and the low rate of cases with strict genetic aetiology highlights the necessity of investigating environmental factors contributing to its pathogenesis. Although long-term exposure to Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) has been proposed as one possible cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the specific influence of PTEs on cognitive decline remains unexplored. We aim to study long-term exposure to PTEs as risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. Firstly, we will explore discrepancies in cognitive performance of exposed and non-exposed individuals. We will assess how different PTEs affect specific cognitive abilities and their impact over time in cognition. By including clinical samples, we intend to investigate the presence of PTEs in patients and to assess their relationship with genetic risk and biomarkers of AD. Therefore, we aim to contribute for further understanding of the impact of toxicants in cognition and their role in the increment of dementia cases.
- Principal Investigator: Sofia Major
- Period: 2020 - ...
- Funding: Governo da Região Autónoma dos Açores – Direção Regional da Ciência e da Tecnologia: M1.1.C/C.S./011/2019/01
- Principal Investigators: Marisa Pedroso de Lima, Marta Neves
- Period: 2020 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/144001/2019)
- Principal Investigator: Joana Freitas Câmara
- Period: 2019 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/145919/2019)
Multidomain cognitive impairment is typical after stroke and often compromises the person’s ability to carry out activities of daily living. Cognitive rehabilitation (CR) consists of a set of interventions devised to mitigate and compensate cognitive deficits in order to promote functional abilities; nonetheless limitations such as the use of paper and pencil tasks in cognitive training (CT), which usually lack ecological validity, and the scarcity of human resources, negatively affect the personalization, intensity and duration of CR in clinical environments. In this project we intend to address these limitations by developing a CT interactive technology that will include CT tasks inspired in several instrumental activities of daily living (e.g., cooking, going to the groceries store, dealing with money, managing medication); two artificial intelligence modules (belief revision and machine learning); gamification factors and remote monitoring in order to provide long-term personalized CT at home.
CBB
- Principal Investigator: André Peres
- Period: 2023-2024
- Funding: 2022.15824.CPCA
Detecting abnormal cognitive decline before the appearance of initial symptoms is crucial for early intervention that will directly impact the quality of life and well-being of all patients, families, and society. Furthermore, it will also help to develop new therapies to mitigate the age-associated loss of function and provide information to better understand cognitive decline. In recent studies by our team, we showed through PET analysis that patients with dementia have alterations in the neuroinflammatory response [1] and that the cerebellum plays an important role in episodic memory (one of the best predictors for cognitive decline) through fMRI and psychometric assessments [2]. However, no clinical evaluation or isolated brain measurement (biochemical, structural, or functional) can detect abnormal cognitive decline in preclinical stages, making multimodal studies mandatory.
Therefore, we will implement a Multimodal Deep Neural Network (mDNN) and train it with a hybrid dataset composed of data from public repositories and data collected by our team.
Our secondary goal is to uncover structural and functional brain changes related to abnormal cognitive decline in aging. The detection of such changes will enhance our basic understanding of cognitive decline processes, but importantly, here they will also be used as biomarkers for detecting abnormal cognitive decline, which might be crucial for providing early intervention therapies.
- Principal Investigator: Joana Sayal Campos
- Period: 2023-...
- Funding: UI/BD/154438/2022
Consciousness involves a flow of neuronal information strongly linked to oscillatory synchronization within the brain. The alignment between environmental rhythms and brain oscillations is known as neural entrainment, and it potentially plays a role in states of consciousness. When it occurs in response to auditory stimuli, it is called auditory neural entrainment – brain waves synching with sound waves. Building on previous research about the effects of music in people with disorders of consciousness, we will utilize electroencephalography and auditory stimulation (binaural beats) to characterize and modulate states of consciousness (focused attention and mind wandering) through matching and mismatching of auditory neural entrainment. Furthermore, we will investigate the influence of musical training on such entrainment. Understanding neural entrainment with auditory stimulation in diverse states of consciousness holds potential for future research focused on improving the rehabilitation of disorders of consciousness, including coma, unresponsive wakefulness state, and minimal consciousness state.
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida; Alfonso Caramazza
- Period: 2023 - 2028
- Funding: European Research Executive Agency Widening programme under the European Union's Horizon Europe Grant 101087584 "CogBooster"
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101087584
The EU-funded CogBooster project aims to support a line of research in cognitive neuroscience at the University of Coimbra in Portugal. The project aims to align the research potential of the University’s Psychology Department with other European institutions. Therefore, it will fund the recruitment of new talented research staff and enhance student education on basic psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Project activities will also impact the wider community as scientific outputs will be made available to society. Overall, the project will improve the competitiveness and quality of research of the University of Coimbra.
- Principal Investigator: Miguel Baião
- Period: 2022 - ...
- Funding: 2022.12235.BD
Visual-object recognition (VOR) centrally requires ventral stream (VS) regions, but can also critically involve dorsal stream (DS) regions known to support visuomotor processing. How these streams are temporally engaged duringVOR remains yet poorly understood. The present doctoral thesis will investigate VOR’s spatiotemporal dynamics, focusing on two DS-related cases: tool processing (particular ‘type’ of objects), and exemplar-level processing (considering objects as ‘token’).
After reviewing electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies about tool processing, to create a unified view of this fragmented field (Study 1), I will conduct two empirical studies (Studies 2 and 3), using cutting-edge neuroimaging techniques, namely, EEG–functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) fusion and MRI-guided EEG source localization, to uncover the spatiotemporal dynamics of each of these two critical representational levels of VOR.
By doing so, this doctoral thesis will uncover the actual spatiotemporal unfolding of VOR, enabling the development of realistic models of its core mechanisms.
- Principal Investigator: Rita Donato
- Period: 2022 - 2023
- Funding: Grant from MUR (Dipartimenti di Eccellenza DM 11/05/2017 n. 262)
Dynamic Glass patterns (GPs) are visual stimuli used to investigate the mechanisms underlying the integration of form and motion information. There is brain imaging evidence that non-directional motion generated by dynamic GPs activates the human motion complex (hMT+) similarly to directional motion in random dot kinematograms (RDKs). However, it is still debated whether dynamic GPs and RDKs rely on the same processing mechanisms. The aim of the present study is twofold. On the one hand, we would like to psychophysically address this question by using a visual perceptual learning (VPL) paradigm. On the other hand we would like to test the causal effect of high frequency transcranial random noise stimulation (hf-tRNS) over hMT+ in VPL. Our hypotheses are the following: 1) the enhancement of the neural activity of hMT+ by applying hf- tRNS should increase visual perceptual learning; consequently we expect a more robust learning transfer between RDKs and dynamic GPs. The rationale is that generalization of VPL to the non- trained stimulus would indicate that the same mechanisms are involved in the processing of both dynamic GPs and RDKs, whereas the specificity of VPL would indicate that different mechanisms subtend the processing of the two types of stimuli. The results we expect is that learning transfer to both stimuli and that this effect is significantly increased by applying hf-tRNS over hMT+.
- Principal Investigator: Pedro Torres Palhares
- Period: 2022 - ...
- Funding: 2022.12647.BD
The presence of consciousness depends on the brain’s capacity to support complex activity patterns, with complexity being high when consciousness is present (e.g., wakefulness) and low when consciousness is absent (coma). However, within wakefulness, little is known about how phenomenologically complex and neurophysiologically distinct conscious states – like mind wandering, aesthetic absorption or creative thinking – modulate brain complexity, and ultimately, heighten our capacity for conscious experience. Here, by combining transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG), we will directly probe both local and widespread changes in brain complexity during such “complex consciousness” states. Thus, through music’s extraordinary capacity to induce profound changes in the structure and configuration of consciousness, we will apply TMS-EEG during two musical contexts: music listening (healthy adults); solo musical improvisation (professional musicians). In the end, we expect to deliver valuable insights about daily mental states and the brain processes that underlie music cognition, performance, and creativity.
- Principal Investigator: Ana Ganho Ávila
- Period: 2016 - ...
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/MHC-PAP/5618/2014)
An adjusted fear response is at the core of organisms’ survival and seems to be dependent on the engagement of memory reconsolidation mechanisms. Reconsolidation is the process by which memories are updated according to environmental demands. In order to induce reconsolidation, researchers have been exploring post-reactivation extinction (PR-ext). Classical fear extinction (C-ext) seems to result in a temporary fear response inhibition, whereas PR-ext extinction seems to lead to elimination of fear. This revising process has been a target of interest for innovative treatments for anxiety disorders. However, researchers face reconsolidation boundary conditions. Namely, C-ext seems to block simultaneous reconsolidation processes, inhibiting fear memory erasure. This project main goal is to use neuromodulation to surpass this limitation. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) will be complementary techniques to behavioral PR-ext, to trigger reconsolidation, and eliminate fear.
- Principal Investigator: Bruno de Sousa
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT/FEDER/POCI (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029443 – SHSADReM)
Structured additive distributional regression provides a unifying framework for regression models to overcome some of the limitations of common regression specifications, namely instead of focusing on the expectation of the response, they take on a broader view and enable modeling the complete conditional distribution of the response in terms of covariates. In addition, one considers structured additive predictors that additively combine a variety of regression effects including nonlinear effects of continuous covariates, varying coefficients, spatial effects of various forms, random intercepts and random slopes, as well as a number of additional effects. This project focuses on extending and developing statistical methodology for structured additive distributional regression and on applying the developed methodology in timely and challenging research areas from the life sciences and social sciences.
- Principal Investigator: Carla Nunes
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT project (PTDC/SAU-PUB/31346/2017)
In medium-low incidence European countries, a stable or upward trend in Tuberculosis (T B) incidence observed in large cities is contrasting with its decline in the remaining places. Focus on Pulmonary Urban TB, this study aims to understand the delay between onset of symptoms and diagnosis. Specifically, we aim to identify areas that have higher delays and to characterize delay by its components: delay attributable to patients and attributable to health services, and associated factors. Potential barriers on this delay chain will be identify and several scenarios will be simulated. Also we will analyze the impact of the delays on the individual outcome – treatment success/failure. Two local studies (Lisbon and Oporto – high incidence areas) will developed, based on questionnaires applied to new patients, allowing detailed analyses. As a contextual approach, a nationwide study will be focusing on global delay, based on data provided by Portugal’s National Tuberculosis Control Programme.
- Principal Investigator: Daniela Valério
- Period: 2018 - 2023
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/137737/2018)
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has a widespread use in basic and clinical research. Recently, the efficacy of tDCS was challenged, due to a lack of understanding how the tDCS works at the systems level. In this project, I will address this issue and propose to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study three properties of the tDCS effects: that tDCS effects are distal, flexible and additive. Specifically: 1) Are there distal effects of tDCS that influence the flow and configuration of networks? (Experiment 1); 2) Can we apply tDCS to a node that is shared between two networks and affect a particular network leaving other(s) unaffected? (Experiment 2); 3) Can we apply tDCS to two nodes and have the effects converge additively in a distal but connected node? (Experiment 3). This project will have a great impact on the use of tDCS in clinical and basic research.
- Principal Investigator: Dongha Lee
- Period: 2016 - 2020
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/MHC-PCN/6805/2014)
Distinct visual streams and sub-streams represent perceptual, semantic and motor-related information about manipulable objects. The exact neural correlates and cognitive mechanisms of these objects are still elusive. For instance, what are the diagnostic visual features, processed within the dorsal visual stream, that communicate an object’s afforded action? How is this affordance-related knowledge represented and how are affordances differentiated in the dorsal visual stream? Do such representations exist independently from object-specific semantic representations? Without an in-depth understanding of these issues, the field cannot progress much beyond the dissociation between crudely defined ventral and dorsal processing of objects. This issue is considered critical not only in object perception but also in the fundamental question regarding the role of motor representations in cognition in general. The project herein aims to advance our understanding of this issue by proposing 3 tasks. In these tasks we will combine psychophysics, transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms for classification, and representation similarity analysis (RSA).
- Principal Investigator: Fredrik Bergström
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Scientific Employment Stimulus (CEECIND/03661/2017)
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: ERC Starting Grant 2018 – 802553 ContentMAP
Our ability to recognize an object amongst many others is one of the most important features of the human mind. However, object recognition requires tremendous computational effort, as we need to solve a complex and recursive environment with ease and proficiency. This challenging feat is dependent on the implementation of an effective organization of knowledge in the brain. In ContentMAP I will put forth a novel understanding of how object knowledge is organized in the brain, by proposing that this knowledge is topographically laid out in the cortical surface according to object-related dimensions that code for different types of representational content – I will call this contentotopic mapping. To study this fine-grain topography, I will use a combination of fMRI, behavioral, and neuromodulation approaches. I will first obtain patterns of neural and cognitive similarity between objects, and from these extract object-related dimensions using a dimensionality reduction technique. I will then parametrically manipulate these dimensions with an innovative use of a visual field mapping technique, and test how functional selectivity changes across the cortical surface according to an object’s score on a target dimension. Moreover, I will test the tuning function of these contentotopic maps. Finally, to mirror the complexity of implementing a high-dimensional manifold onto a 2D cortical sheet, I will aggregate the topographies for the different dimensions into a composite map, and develop an encoding model to predict neural signatures for each object. To sum up, ContentMAP will have a dramatic impact in the cognitive sciences by describing how the stuff of concepts is represented in the brain, and providing a complete description of how fine-grain representations and functional selectivity within high-level complex processes are topographically implemented.
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida
- Period: 2013 - 2016
- Funding: BIAL Foundation (BIAL Grant 2012/112)
This project focused on understanding how the brain can plastically change as a response to congenital deafness. In particular, we were interested in understanding: 1) whether and how the auditory cortex of the congenitally deaf processed information from the spared senses – and specifically visual input; 2) How that sensory (visual) was organized in the auditory cortex, if at all; and 3) how did that information reached the auditory cortex. That is, how did neuroplasticity change the auditory cortex (and other structures) of the congenitally deaf so that it processes information from different senses.
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida
- Period: 2022 - 2022
- Funding: IBRO – International Brain Research Organization
The overarching goal of the New Interdisciplinary Horizons in Psychological Research Series is to set a standard for what the Psychological Research arena and its interdisciplinary interfaces in Portugal should be for the upcoming decade. We feel that we need to serve as catalysts for the development of an interdisciplinary science-based Psychological Research that is centered in modern and cutting-edge developments in science and technology Our series involve 3 one-day meetings that will discuss different science topics that should be currently part of a modern Psychology Department and that would certainly lead to internationally recognized research programs. The topics of these 3 meetings are: molecular and animal neuroscience; artificial intelligence and computational neuroscience; and cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging.
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida
- Period: 2011 - 2014
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/PSI-PCO/114822/2009)
Our sensory systems are constantly stimulated by the surrounding environment. At any given moment, a visually perceived scene triggers a series of cascading processes that analyze the incoming input. Many different types of information are processed in parallel and, after a couple hundred milliseconds, become available for scrutiny. This (seemingly) informational overload has to be address by the cognitive system in the process of performing its high-level cognitive tasks. A central question in the cognitive sciences, then, concerns the role of these different types of information on object recognition and their status as part of the conceptual representation of a particular object. How do these different types of information feature in object recognition? And how are they integrated, if at all, in the conceptual representation of the visual inspected object? Here we addressed these questions by manipulating different kinds of object-related information, and the time allotted to their processing, in the context of experimental procedures that tap into object recognition processes. We primarily used the category of manipulable objects and the knowledge types associated with this domain of objects in our experimental procedures. We did it so because these items afford a large number of different types of information, because the neural underpinnings of the processing of these items have been widely studied and are relatively well known, and because these neural substrates point to specific anatomical regions/knowledge type interactions.
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida
- Period: 2015 - 2017
- Funding: CRUP-DAAD (Project A02/16)
The importance of understanding the organization of conceptual knowledge and object recognition becomes apparent when dealing with patients suffering from category-specific knowledge disorders such as relatively selective knowledge impairments for animate objects (e.g. animals), or relatively selective impairments for manmade, inanimate objects (e.g. tools). When looking at brain damaged patients in more detail, it turns out that conceptual knowledge is organized according to domain-specific constraints which is supported by results from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy subjects. We know that particular brain areas are activated by particular object classes, such as tools, faces, body parts and places. However, little is known about the neural response preferences and cortical organizational principles that form the brain’s detailed representation of these objects. This is especially true when compared to our understanding of the neural representation of sensory information. Sensory cortices hold topo-graphically ordered maps that directly reflect the organization of our sensory organs, such as the retina (retinotopic visual field maps), the cochlea (auditory tonotopic maps) or the skin (somatotopic maps). Are similar organizational principles also common to object-selective cortex? In this project, we aim at investigating topographic organization within object-selective areas using fMRI for understanding the neural principles that shape the organization of conceptual knowledge. We will do so by explore the organizational principles within a domain of knowledge – that of manmade objects. We will model the network of topographic organization within object-selective areas using methods based on graph theory to get more insights into network structure and network shaping.
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida
- Period: 2016 - 2019
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/MHC-PCN/0522/2014)
One of the most remarkable human abilities is that of recognizing complex objects in a fraction of a second. A question that is central to our understanding of object recognition is how this knowledge is represented and organized in the brain such that we can use it so efficiently. Although we have uncovered the dimensions that underlie the topographical organization of sensory cortices, we have not come up with a satisfactory set of dimensions that can be the principle of functional organization within object-selective cortex. In fact, this is one of the hard problems in cognitive neuroscience because it is not obvious what the dimensions that drive this organization are. In this project, we will focus on uncovering these principles by examining, in innovative ways, how object knowledge is organized in the brain, and how cognitive relationships between objects and object properties are mapped.
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida
- Period: 2013 - 2015
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/MHC-PCN/3575/2012)
A long tradition in vision research points to the existence of multiple visual pathways that process different features of the incoming input. This segregation begins at the retina, where different types of ganglion cells can be distinguished by their patterns of dendritic arborization, and the types of visual stimuli that are most effective in exciting them. Those distinctions are carried forward to subcortical and cortical levels as different channels within the visual system. The most salient distinction is between magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) channels within the visual system, which receive their input from parasol and midget ganglion cells, respectively. The existence of different channels within the visual system places strong constraints on the types of information to which we are sensitive in our environment, both during online processing as well as on an evolutionary timescale. The central question that we want to address is whether the signatures of low-level segregation within the visual system affect the organization of high-level object representations. The novel insight we explore is that processing of different categories or classes of objects differentially depends on (or differentially weights) input from different low-level visual pathways. To test this hypothesis, we use fMRI as an index of neural activity and psychophysically titrated images of real objects as stimuli. This approach of seeking to understand high-level object recognition through the lens of low-level visual constraints is largely unexplored, but we believe it to be an incredibly fertile enterprise for understanding the neural constraints that shape object knowledge.
- Principal Investigator: Lénia Amaral
- Period: 2017 - ...
- Funding: FCT Individual Doctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/114811/2016)
Decoding the properties and successfully recognizing and interacting with a target object is supported by a set of segregated structures in the visual system. The most prominent are the dorsal visual stream and the ventral visual stream. Here, I will explore how these streams interact and process particular categories of objects – hands and tools. The proposed project encompasses two workpackages that will focus on different aspects of visual objet processing. I plan to use both psychophysical experiments on the categorization of hands and tools, as well as use neuromodulation (tDCS/TMS) and fMRI paradigms.
- Principal Investigator: Mário R. Simões
- Period: 2015 - 2017
- Funding: BIAL Foundation (BIAL Grant 2014/495)
This project focuses on the combination of tDCS (transcranial direct current stimulation) with cognitive training (CT) to investigate neuroplasticity in older adults and further explore the involvement of the cerebellar cortex in memory processes. In particular, we are interested in understanding whether and how tDCS combined with cognitive training facilitates verbal episodic memory in older adults, compared with sham stimulation. We used an innovative design to further explore the synergetic effects of CT combined with tDCS. Specifically, we tested whether CT and excitatory tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) or right cerebellar cortex (rCC) facilitates verbal episodic memory, compared with sham stimulation and a wait list control group. CT was applied daily for 1 hour, after 20 minutes of tDCS, over 12 sessions. Performance on memory and other cognitive tasks was evaluated at baseline and post-intervention, using behavioral and neuroimaging tools. Participants were healthy elderly, ≥ 60 years, right handed, without history of neuropsychiatric disease.
- Principal Investigator: Qasim Bukhari
- Period: 2018 - ...
- Funding: FCT Project (PTDC/PSI-GER/30757/2017)
The auditory cortex (AC) of congenitally deaf individuals can exhibit considerable plasticity and be recruited to process visual (and other sensorial) information. The fact that visual information is processed in the AC of the congenitally deaf leaves several important open questions that we will address in this project. In Aim 1 we will test how visual information reaches the AC of the congenitally deaf. In Aim 2 we will explore the functional organization of the neuroplastically-changed AC. In Aim 3 we will assess how these neuroplastic changes affect compensatory behavior under deafness. In Aim 4 we will investigate how these changes hamper auditory restoration efforts. Finally, in Aim 5 we will look at whether these neuroplastic changes recede with the use of CIs. This project will contribute greatly to our understanding of the auditory system under congenital deafness, and contribute to the improvement of programs for restoring auditory function in the congenitally deaf.
- Principal Investigator: Fredrick Bergström
- Period: 2021 - 2023
- Funding: Bial Foundation (A-27942)
The most important decisions we make in life are value-based decisions, in which we make subjective value (SV) judgments of objects, people, or actions; and integrate risk with reward/loss to estimate the expected (subjective) value (EV) of decision outcomes. We may think we are consciously aware of all inner drives behind our value-based decisions, but we are only conscious of a fraction of what goes on in our brain at any given time, and the extent to which non-conscious neural processes influence our value-based decisions remains understudied. The few existing fMRI studies show that non-conscious rewards are processed subcortically and can influence economic decisions. In accordance with the Global Neuronal Workspace (GNW) theory of consciousness, it was thus suggested that non-conscious reward processing is limited to subcortical areas, while conscious experience is necessary for reward information to reach higher-level areas such as prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, non-conscious influences on EV and SV, which are represented in anterior ventral striatum (aVS) and ventromedial PFC (vmPFC), have not been directly investigated, while non-conscious influences on PFC in other cognitive domains have emerged, and more sensitive analyses techniques are now available. We will therefore use attentional blink paradigms and fMRI with state-of-the-art Multi-Variate Pattern Analysis (MVPA) to directly test if non-conscious risk information influences EV in aVS and vmPFC, and if SV is automatically processed for non-conscious consumer goods in aVS and vmPFC.
- Principal Investigator: Jorge Almeida
- Period: 2020 - 2020
- Funding: iiiUC - Apoio Financeiro para Eventos de Promoção de Cultura Científica 2020
Science presupposes the production of expertise in the most diverse areas of knowledge that often arise in a quantitative format. Examples of this are the transmission frequency of nerve impulses in the brain or the effectiveness of a particular drug in the treatment of a disease. However, to understand a phenomenon under study, it is important that the data collected are transformed into visual elements easily perceptible by the scientific community. Visual representation of science often generates superb graphics, worthy of contemplation. This project aims to join the efforts of two research groups from different (but complementary) fields and demonstrate the process of transforming scientific data into visual elements. We want to create an exhibition where you can view images representative of human cognition. We will provide the community with the opportunity to see with their own eyes the functioning of the human brain captured by scientific techniques. The end result will be a set of aesthetically interesting images designed from scientific data collected.
- Principal Investigator: Artur Pilacinski
- Period: 2020 - 2020
- Funding: Projetos Semente de Investigação e Desenvolvimento Santander UC
One of the key issues related to the ongoing pandemic is the need for reduction of direct human-human contact due to risk of contagion, which in turn impacted the global economy, leading to difficult decisions taken by policy makers worldwide. This is because most cooperative activities between humans essentially rely on physical interactions. A far-reaching alternative to putting humans at risk while working together is to use robotic agents whenever possible. Yet, some actions need human physical presence and human-robot collaboration is nowhere close to the speed and efficiency of cooperation between humans. Our project is seeking to change this and explore a novel way for efficient and adaptive human-robot collaboration. By using neural signals recorded from the human brain during real-time interaction with a robotic partner, we will advance the efficiency of cooperation between human and robotic agents, employing the same principles that make humans so proficient in acting together. Specifically, we will use neural markers (distinct patterns of neural signal) for action errors during dynamic human-robot collaboration. Then, we will prototype a wearable device capable of reading and sending a stop signal to the robot in case of error detection. This way we will develop a rapid safety mechanism for human-robot cooperation and explore the basis for future research on adaptive, neurally-assisted collaborative robots.